Modelación matemática del bulbo húmedo bajo riego por goteo superficial en suelos del Altiplano Boliviano
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Abstract
En el riego por goteo es necesario realizar el dimensionamiento mediante la geometría del bulbo húmedo y la humedad para determinar características físicas e hídricas de un suelo formado por un emisor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar la modelación matemática del bulbo húmedo por la técnica de riego de goteo superficial. Los ensayos se realizaron en suelos con el método de una fuente puntual a campo abierto en la Estación Experimental de Choquenaira, pertenecientes al altiplano central de Bolivia. La modelación matemática para la zona saturada fue el dimensionamiento de ecuaciones, teniendo una ecuación de segundo grado, para el diámetro máximo alcanzado con un caudal de 1 lh-¹, en el tiempo de ocho horas el diámetro máximo calculado es de 28 cm., y el valor observado en campo de 29 cm. Para la zona no saturada, el cálculo de profundidad vertical y distancia horizontal se realizó mediante el método de correlación múltiple, el valor calculado para un caudal de 5 lh-¹ y tiempo de riego de cuatro horas fue de 21 cm. de profundidad calculado y el observado fue de 20 cm. El contenido de humedad volumétrica se determinó mediante el dimensionamiento de ecuaciones, teniendo matrices tridiagonales. Para un caudal de 3 lh-¹ la humedad volumétrica calculada fue de 0,52 y el observado de 0,54.
In a drip irrigation is necessary to size by wet bulb geometry and moisture to determine physical and hydrological characteristics of a soil which is formed by one emitter. In this sense, the objective was to perform mathematical modeling of wet bulb through the technique of surface drip irrigation. Assays were performed on soils with the method of a point source in free field at Experimental Station of Choquenaira, which belongs to the central altiplano of Bolivia. Mathematical modeling forthe saturated zone was the sizing of equations having a quadratic equation for the maximum diameter reached of 1l h-¹, for a time of eight hours is 28 cm. forthe calculated and 29 cm. forthe observed on field. On the unsaturated zone, the calculation of vertical depth and horizontal distance was performed by the method of multiple correlation, the value calculated for a flow of 5l h-¹ through four hours was 21 cm. and the observed was 20 cm. The volumetric moisture content was determined by sizing equations, taking tridiagonal matrices. Then, for a flow of 3l h-¹ calculated volumetric moisture was 0.52 and 0.54 forthe observed one.
In a drip irrigation is necessary to size by wet bulb geometry and moisture to determine physical and hydrological characteristics of a soil which is formed by one emitter. In this sense, the objective was to perform mathematical modeling of wet bulb through the technique of surface drip irrigation. Assays were performed on soils with the method of a point source in free field at Experimental Station of Choquenaira, which belongs to the central altiplano of Bolivia. Mathematical modeling forthe saturated zone was the sizing of equations having a quadratic equation for the maximum diameter reached of 1l h-¹, for a time of eight hours is 28 cm. forthe calculated and 29 cm. forthe observed on field. On the unsaturated zone, the calculation of vertical depth and horizontal distance was performed by the method of multiple correlation, the value calculated for a flow of 5l h-¹ through four hours was 21 cm. and the observed was 20 cm. The volumetric moisture content was determined by sizing equations, taking tridiagonal matrices. Then, for a flow of 3l h-¹ calculated volumetric moisture was 0.52 and 0.54 forthe observed one.
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Vol. 2, No. 1