Incidencia de Hipotiroidismo Congénito en 14 Regiones Sanitarias del Paraguay
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Rev. bol. ped.
Abstract
El Hipotiroidismo Congénito, una de las causas tratables más comunes de retardo mental, ocurre en aproximadamente uno en 3000 recién nacidos. Se investiga la incidencia del hipotiroidismo congénito en Paraguay, país considerado endémico para los Desordenes por Deficiencia de Yodo. Han sido recolectadas 53.360 muestras de sangre obtenidas por punción del talón y recogidas en papel de filtro, de octubre de 1999 a febrero del 2007, en 76 sitios de toma de muestra distribuidos en 14 de las 18 regiones sanitarias del país. El tamizaje se llevó a cabo en principio como parte de un proyecto piloto y luego dentro del Programa de Prevención de la Fibrosis Quística y del Retardo Mental. La hormona estimulante de las tiroides fue medida por el método de ELISA y un valor > 20UI/ml fue considerado como punto de corte para el re-llamado. Se obtuvo resultado en el 96% (52.526) de las muestras. El 0,08% (40/52.526) arrojó resultado positivo y se confirmó Hipotiroidismo Congénito en 35 casos, incidencia de 1 por cada 1.501 recién nacidos, con una razón de 6:1 para el sexo femenino: masculino. Esta incidencia de Hipotiroidismo Congénito es la más alta reportada para Latinoamérica, lo que refuerza la importancia de la implementación de este tipo de programa en la lucha contra la erradicación de los Desórdenes por Deficiencia de Yodo.
Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common treatable causes of mental retardation, occurring in approximately 1 in 3,000 newborns. We investigated the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in Paraguay, where iodine deficiency disorders are considered endemia Between October 1999 and February 2007, a total of 53,360 blood samples from 76 sampling stations in 14 of the country's 18 health regions were taken by heel prick and collected on filter paper. Screening was initially carried out as part of a pilot project and later as part of the program for prevention of cystic fibrosis and mental retardation. Thyroid-stimulating hormone was measured by the ELISA method, and a valué of >20 UI/ml was considered the cutoff point for recall. Results were obtained in 96% (n: 52,526) of samples. Positive results were found in 0.08% (40/52,526) and congenital hypothyroidism was confirmed in 35 cases, an incidence of 1 in 1,501 births, with a female to male ratio of 6:1. This incidence of congenital hypothyroidism is the highest yet reported in Latin America, a fact that emphasizes the importance of implementing this type of program in the fight to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.
Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the most common treatable causes of mental retardation, occurring in approximately 1 in 3,000 newborns. We investigated the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in Paraguay, where iodine deficiency disorders are considered endemia Between October 1999 and February 2007, a total of 53,360 blood samples from 76 sampling stations in 14 of the country's 18 health regions were taken by heel prick and collected on filter paper. Screening was initially carried out as part of a pilot project and later as part of the program for prevention of cystic fibrosis and mental retardation. Thyroid-stimulating hormone was measured by the ELISA method, and a valué of >20 UI/ml was considered the cutoff point for recall. Results were obtained in 96% (n: 52,526) of samples. Positive results were found in 0.08% (40/52,526) and congenital hypothyroidism was confirmed in 35 cases, an incidence of 1 in 1,501 births, with a female to male ratio of 6:1. This incidence of congenital hypothyroidism is the highest yet reported in Latin America, a fact that emphasizes the importance of implementing this type of program in the fight to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders.
Description
Vol. 50, No. 1