El reactor semicontinuo: modelado, simulación y control Parte II Control no lineal
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RevActaNova.
Abstract
Ecuaciones de conservación se aplican al Reactor Semicontinuo, también conocido como el reactor por lotes Semibatch (SBR) para los casos: isotérmico, adiabático y no isotérmico; para generar las ecuaciones diferenciales necesarias para el modelado y simulación. Las ecuaciones resultantes, expresados en términos de variables normalizadas sin dimensiones, se resuelven numéricamente para las pruebas de consistencia por medio de un software de álgebra computacional (Mathcad®). El modelo también se expresa en términos de grupos adimensionales significativos del tipo Damköhler y Biot. El modelo consistente, se simula para combinaciones típicas de los parámetros de funcionamiento en la preparación para el control de procesos y simulación de estabilidad y análisis. El SBR es típicamente no constante, de relativamente altos costos de operación y bajos rendimientos. Sin embargo altas conversiones pueden alcanzarse y un buen control de temperatura permite la minimización de reacciones secundarias no deseadas por medio del mantenimiento de concentraciones bajas de uno de los reactivos. Este reactor se utiliza ampliamente en la fabricación de productos químicos de alto valor añadido (productos químicos finos) y en las reacciones donde un cuidadoso control es obligatorio, como en la producción de explosivos de alta potencia. Se utiliza en el caso de reacciones de varias fases que implican formación de burbujas de gas tal como la producción de mono, di y tri clorobenceno. La Parte I de este artículo está dedicado a la generación de una herramienta de modelado y simulación robusta para el SBR, mientras que la segunda parte explora su control y el comportamiento estable.
Conservation equations are applied to the Semicontinuous Reactor, also known as the Semibatch Reactor (SBR) for the isothermal, adiabatic and non-isothermal case, to generate the necessary differential equations for modeling and simulation. The resulting equations, expressed in terms of dimensionless normalized variables, are solved numerically for consistency testing by means of computer algebra software (Mathcad®). The model is also expressed in terms of meaningful dimensionless groups of the Damköhler and Biot type. The consistent model is then simulated for typical combinations of operating parameters in preparation for process control and stability simulation and analysis. The SBR is typically non steady, of relatively high operating costs and low throughputs. However high conversions can be achieved and good temperature control allows for the minimizations of unwanted side reactions by means of maintaining low concentrations of one of the reactants. This reactor is extensively used in the manufacture of high value added chemicals (fine chemicals) and in reactions where a careful control is mandatory, such as in the production of high explosives. It is used in case of multiphase reactions involving gas bubbling such as the production of mono, di and tri chlorobenzene. Part I of this article is devoted to generating a robus t modeling and simulation tool for the SBR, while Part II explores its control and stable behavior.
Conservation equations are applied to the Semicontinuous Reactor, also known as the Semibatch Reactor (SBR) for the isothermal, adiabatic and non-isothermal case, to generate the necessary differential equations for modeling and simulation. The resulting equations, expressed in terms of dimensionless normalized variables, are solved numerically for consistency testing by means of computer algebra software (Mathcad®). The model is also expressed in terms of meaningful dimensionless groups of the Damköhler and Biot type. The consistent model is then simulated for typical combinations of operating parameters in preparation for process control and stability simulation and analysis. The SBR is typically non steady, of relatively high operating costs and low throughputs. However high conversions can be achieved and good temperature control allows for the minimizations of unwanted side reactions by means of maintaining low concentrations of one of the reactants. This reactor is extensively used in the manufacture of high value added chemicals (fine chemicals) and in reactions where a careful control is mandatory, such as in the production of high explosives. It is used in case of multiphase reactions involving gas bubbling such as the production of mono, di and tri chlorobenzene. Part I of this article is devoted to generating a robus t modeling and simulation tool for the SBR, while Part II explores its control and stable behavior.
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Vol. 7, No. 3