Infecciones respiratorias agudas bajas en niños: Estudio etiológico prospectivo

Abstract

Background: Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a serious cause of morbidity and admission among children. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the etiology of severe LRTI in hospitalized children by several laboratory methods in a systematic way. Methods: A 2-year prospective study. Results: A potential causative agent was detected in 155(68%) of the 229 patients. A viral infection was identified in 60%, 15% had bacterial infection and 4% had evidence of concomitant viral-bacterial infection. Virus, with the predominance of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most common agent in children younger than 24 month. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most important bacteria. Conclusions: The possible causative agent on childhood LRTI could be detected in most cases. The data confirm the importance of virus especially RSV in the LRTI in hospitalized children.