Estudio del efecto quelante de filtros naturales de arcilla sobre metales pesados; Pb y Hg para su aplicación en la remediación de suelos, conservación de aguas y biodiversidad
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Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto quelante de filtros de arcilla sobre los metales pesados plomo y mercurio para contribuir en la remediación, conservación de suelos, aguas y de la diversidad biológica de ecosistemas susceptibles de contaminación por vertidos mineros procedentes de la minería. Las variables evaluadas fueron: nivel de quelación de metales pesados por filtros de arcilla previo tratamiento de la misma con agente quelatador (EDTA) y sin agente quelatador. La capacidad quelante de la arcilla se evaluó mediante un ensayo , midiendo la cantidad de metal pesado atrapado en la arcilla; de forma general, se observó que la capacidad quelante de la arcilla pretratada presentó mejor efecto quelante sobre metales pesados Plomo (Pb) y Mercurio (Hg), obteniendo un resultado promedio para el Pb de 748,5mg Pb/kg en relación al promedio del resultado obtenido de la muestra sin agente quelatador que fue de 739 mg Pb/kg de Arcilla. En el caso del Hg, el efecto quelatador fue mayor con la arcilla pretratada , obteniéndose un resultado promedio de 729 mg Hg/kg de peso seco de arcilla y para la muestra no tratada de 715 mg/kg. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente mediante una prueba de T (ANOVA de un factor) los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el efecto quelante de la arcilla influye sobre los metales pesados independientemente al tratamiento con o sin agente quelatador, por lo que no existen diferencias significativas. Se debe incluir info acerca de lo que quiera discutir o concluir, al menos una línea
The aim of this study was to determine the chelator effect of natural clay filters on the heavy metals lead and mercury, to assist in remediation and conservation of soil, water and biological diversity of ecosystems likely to be contaminated by mining discharges. The assessed variables were: the heavy metal chelation by clay filters prior to treatment with chelating agent (EDTA) and without chelating agent. The chelating capacity of the clay was preliminary evaluated by measuring the amount of heavy metal trapped in the clay; in general, it was observed that the chelating capacity of the clay pretreated (laboratory tests) showed a better chelating effect on the heavy metals: lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), obtaining an average of 748.5 mg Pb / kg for lead in relation to the average obtained from the sample without a chelating agent (739 mg Pb / kg of Clay). In the same way was performed for the case of mercury (Hg), the result was higher for the pretreated clay with chelating agent, obtaining an average result of 729 mg Hg / kg dry weight of clay and the result for the untreated sample was 715 mg/kg. The data were statistically analyzed by setting up a t-test (One-factor ANOVA) using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.5), the results obtained demonstrated that the chelating effect of the clay on heavy metals, influences the treatment independently with or without chelating agent, so that there are not significant differences. Chelation of heavy metals (lead), F (1,2) = 6.811 p; 0.121 and (mercury) F (1,2) = 10.889 p; 0.081 (higher probability of 0.05 no significant differences).
The aim of this study was to determine the chelator effect of natural clay filters on the heavy metals lead and mercury, to assist in remediation and conservation of soil, water and biological diversity of ecosystems likely to be contaminated by mining discharges. The assessed variables were: the heavy metal chelation by clay filters prior to treatment with chelating agent (EDTA) and without chelating agent. The chelating capacity of the clay was preliminary evaluated by measuring the amount of heavy metal trapped in the clay; in general, it was observed that the chelating capacity of the clay pretreated (laboratory tests) showed a better chelating effect on the heavy metals: lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), obtaining an average of 748.5 mg Pb / kg for lead in relation to the average obtained from the sample without a chelating agent (739 mg Pb / kg of Clay). In the same way was performed for the case of mercury (Hg), the result was higher for the pretreated clay with chelating agent, obtaining an average result of 729 mg Hg / kg dry weight of clay and the result for the untreated sample was 715 mg/kg. The data were statistically analyzed by setting up a t-test (One-factor ANOVA) using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 11.5), the results obtained demonstrated that the chelating effect of the clay on heavy metals, influences the treatment independently with or without chelating agent, so that there are not significant differences. Chelation of heavy metals (lead), F (1,2) = 6.811 p; 0.121 and (mercury) F (1,2) = 10.889 p; 0.081 (higher probability of 0.05 no significant differences).
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Vol. 16, No. 17