Displasia del desarrollo de la cadera, en un centro de atención primaria
Abstract
Objetivos: identificar antecedentes, cuadro clínico y radiológico de un grupo de niños y niñas con displasia del desarrollo de cadera (DDC). Población: niños y niñas de 3 meses a 1 año de edad que acudieron a la consulta pediátrica de "control de niño sano" en el Centro de Salud San Antonio Alto, entre junio del 2007 y junio del 2008. Material y Métodos: diseño descriptivo, longitudinal y prospectivo. Método de muestreo no probabilístico. Ingresaron al estudio todos los niños y niñas con diagnóstico clínico y radiológico de DDC. Resultados: se analizaron 82 casos de niños(as) con DDC, el 75,5% de los afectados fueron del sexo femenino y 24,5% del sexo masculino. La cadera más afectada fue la izquierda en un 53%, la derecha en 24% y en forma bilateral un 23% de los casos. La relación encontrada entre DDC izquierda y derecha fue de 2.2: 1. El 84% sin desplazamiento, 10% con subluxación y 6% con luxación total. Antecedentes: presentación cefálica (73%) y podálica (19%). Parto vaginal en el 87% y 13% por cesárea. El 62,1% en madres primigestas, 29.2% segundigestas y 8,6% en el tercer embarazo. El signo más frecuente encontrado fue la limitación a la abducción en el 100% de los casos (82), seguido de la asimetría de pliegues glúteos y muslo en el 78% (64 casos). El signos de Ortolani y Barlow se evidenció en 5 casos en niños de 3 meses de edad (6%), 4 casos de acortamiento de la extremidad y un solo caso de claudicación. Conclusión: las características de los casos de DDC encontradas en el presente estudio muestras hallazgos casi coincidentes con otros autores respecto al predominio del sexo femenino, la afectación unilateral e izquierda, los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos. Se necesitan nuevos trabajos de nuestra realidad nacional, para lograr recomendaciones más concluyentes sobre esta entidad en nuestro país.
Objective: to identify antecedents, clinical and radiological case of a group of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDC). Population: children from 3 months to 1 year of age who went to the pediatric consultation "of well child check-up" in the Health Center San Antonio Alto, between June 2007 and June 2008. Material and Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective design. Non-probability sampling method. Entered the study all children with clinical and radiological diagnosis of DDC. Results: we analyzed 82 cases of children with DDC, 75.5% of those affected were female and 24.5% male. The most affected hip was left at 53%, right at 24% and bilaterally in 23% of cases. The relationship found between left and right DDC was 2.2: 1. 84% Non displaced 10% with subluxation and 6% with total dislocation. Background: cephalic presentation (73%) and breech (19%). Vaginal delivery in 87% and 13% by cesarean section. The primigravid mothers in 62.1%, 29.2% second pregnancy and 8.6% in the third pregnancy. The most frequently finding was the limitation to abduction at 100% of cases (82), followed by the asymmetry of gluteal and thigh folds in 78% (64 cases). The Ortolani and Barlow signs were evident in 5 cases in children 3 months of age (6%), 4 cases of limb shortening and a single case of claudication. Conclusion: the characteristics of the DDC cases found in the present study show nearly coincident with other authors regarding the predominance of females, and left-sided involvement, clinical and radiological indings. Further work is required of our national reality, to achieve more conclusive recommendations about this disease in our country.
Objective: to identify antecedents, clinical and radiological case of a group of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDC). Population: children from 3 months to 1 year of age who went to the pediatric consultation "of well child check-up" in the Health Center San Antonio Alto, between June 2007 and June 2008. Material and Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal and prospective design. Non-probability sampling method. Entered the study all children with clinical and radiological diagnosis of DDC. Results: we analyzed 82 cases of children with DDC, 75.5% of those affected were female and 24.5% male. The most affected hip was left at 53%, right at 24% and bilaterally in 23% of cases. The relationship found between left and right DDC was 2.2: 1. 84% Non displaced 10% with subluxation and 6% with total dislocation. Background: cephalic presentation (73%) and breech (19%). Vaginal delivery in 87% and 13% by cesarean section. The primigravid mothers in 62.1%, 29.2% second pregnancy and 8.6% in the third pregnancy. The most frequently finding was the limitation to abduction at 100% of cases (82), followed by the asymmetry of gluteal and thigh folds in 78% (64 cases). The Ortolani and Barlow signs were evident in 5 cases in children 3 months of age (6%), 4 cases of limb shortening and a single case of claudication. Conclusion: the characteristics of the DDC cases found in the present study show nearly coincident with other authors regarding the predominance of females, and left-sided involvement, clinical and radiological indings. Further work is required of our national reality, to achieve more conclusive recommendations about this disease in our country.
Description
Vol. 48, No. 1