Balance de la política pública de inteligencia artificial y transformación digital (2019-2024)

Abstract

Objective. To review the contents and implementation of CONPES 3975 of 2019 on artificial intelligence (AI) and other public policy initiatives aimed at digital transformation. Methodology. A public policy evaluation scheme is proposed based on the recommendations of the CAF country self-assessment (2024) and a review of the evaluation methodologies used in Colombia. Results. The discussion on public policies on artificial intelligence and digital transformation, as well as the role of the State in their adoption, has focused on the relevance of a national regulatory scheme. In academia, the regulation of the use and deployment of automated decision systems (ADS) by state entities at the national and local levels and in the judicial branch is debated. However, little attention has been paid to the instruments and mechanisms for monitoring existing public policies in AI and digital transformation, which have positioned Colombia as a pioneer country in these areas.The lack of evaluation, continuity and improvement of these policies puts this leadership at risk. Conclusion. It was identified that the country has effective regulatory tools, implementations and monitoring mechanisms, although there is also evidence of a lack of continuity in the development of public policies on AI and digital transformation. An evaluation agenda is proposed to address this deficiency.