ESTUDIO FITOQUIMICO Y ESPECTROSCOPICO PRELIMINAR DE CINCO PLANTAS MEDICINALES DE CARMEN PAMPA (COROICO) BOLIVIA

Abstract

"Five plant species widely distributed and with traditional medicinal use in the community of Carmen Pampa, Rubus boliviensis (khari-khari), Castillejo arvensis (vira-vira), Baccharis genistelloides ssp crispa (charara), Liabum hastifolium (toco-toco) and Acmella ciliata (laili-laili), were subjected to a preliminary phytochemical and spectroscopic study in order to select promising plant species for fiirther studies. In the preliminary phytochemical study it was determined that the plant species studied have mainly phenolic compounds, tannins, triterpenes or steroids. Additionally the species B. genistelloides presents flavonoids and A. ciliata presents coumarins plus some alkaloids in the flowers. The spectroscopic study shows that all the extracts have a certain absorbance in the UVB and UVA region, but this is not comparable to the photoprotective known compounds as oxybenzone, or plant species studied for their photoprotective effect as Baccharis papillosa. However, the extract of major interest from this point of view is the extract of L. hastifolium (toco -toco). To complete the information, a deep literatee review was done showing that R. boliviensis (khari-khari) and C. arvensis (vira-vira) have no previous chemical and biological studies, while B. genistelloides shows many bibliographic antecedents being currently used in commercial producís in countries such as Brazil and Peru. Moreover L. hastifolium (toco-toco) has studies showing leishmanicidal activity which correlates with its traditional use for the treatment of wounds and has no chemical background so it was selected for further studies. The species B. genistelloides also shows interesting traditional and scientific background, but it was full studied and it is advisable to use the existing studies in the promotion of sustainable products with economic potential. Finally we also recommend develop studies on R. boliviensis because there are important chemical and pharmacological results in other species of genus Rubus."