Participación, apoyo social y expectativas en la integración social de población venezolana en Ecuador
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Revista de Psicologia
Abstract
La integración social (IS) de población venezolana que se ha movilizado por América Latina resulta compleja, por el contexto político, social, laboral, económico y recientemente sanitario adverso, que les expone a dinámicas de discriminación, exclusión y vulneración de derechos. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar, desde un enfoque psicosocial, la participación social y el apoyo social como dimensiones de IS de venezolanas/os residentes en Quito, Ecuador. Para ello, se aplica una encuesta a 50 participantes (25 hombres y 25 mujeres) que evalúa los problemas y el vínculo con la sociedad de acogida, la participación social y el apoyo social percibido. Los resultados revelan que la población venezolana presenta diversas limitaciones en la IS, especialmente, en la incorporación laboral y el ámbito económico, pero que se están creando canales a nivel socio-comunitario que posibilitan mayores vínculos con la población local, a la vez que presenta una valoración positiva de las expectativas previas al proceso migratorio, que está incidiendo en un apoyo social. Se discuten estos hallazgos y la necesidad de que los Estados latinoamericanos generen políticas públicas que faciliten la IS de población venezolana.
The social integration (SI) of the Venezuelan population that has been moving through Latin America is complex, in an adverse political, social, labor, economic and recently health context, which exposes them to dynamics of discrimination, exclusion and violation of rights. The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a psychosocial approach, social participation and social support as dimensions of SI of Venezuelan residents in Quito, Ecuador. For this purpose, a survey was applied to 50 participants (25 men and 25 women) that evaluated the problems and the link with the host society, social participation and perceived social support, through group meetings. The results reveal that the Venezuelan population presents several limitations in the SI, especially in labor and economic incorporation, but that it is creating channels at the socio-community level that enable greater links with the local population, while presenting a positive appraisal of expectations prior to the migration process, which is influencing social support. These findings and the need for Latin American states to generate public policies that facilitate the SI of the Venezuelan population are discussed.
The social integration (SI) of the Venezuelan population that has been moving through Latin America is complex, in an adverse political, social, labor, economic and recently health context, which exposes them to dynamics of discrimination, exclusion and violation of rights. The aim of this paper is to analyze, from a psychosocial approach, social participation and social support as dimensions of SI of Venezuelan residents in Quito, Ecuador. For this purpose, a survey was applied to 50 participants (25 men and 25 women) that evaluated the problems and the link with the host society, social participation and perceived social support, through group meetings. The results reveal that the Venezuelan population presents several limitations in the SI, especially in labor and economic incorporation, but that it is creating channels at the socio-community level that enable greater links with the local population, while presenting a positive appraisal of expectations prior to the migration process, which is influencing social support. These findings and the need for Latin American states to generate public policies that facilitate the SI of the Venezuelan population are discussed.
Description
No. 28