Innovación tecnológica: características psicológicas del adoptante temprano
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Rev Cien Cult
Abstract
El presente artículo arrojó información sobre el comportamiento de ciertas variables psicológicas asociadas a la adopción tecnológica para la educación superior. El trabajo fue realizado con una muestra de docentes universitarios innovadores y adoptantes tempranos, según la tipología de Rogers. El estudio exploró las relaciones entre utilidad y facilidad de uso percibidas, investigadas por el Modelo de la Adopción Tecnológica (MAT), con variables tales como la motivación, la intención conductual de uso, la actitud hacia el uso de la tecnología, la internalización de la novedad y la identificación con la innovación. Los resultados mostraron relaciones entre la adopción y ciertas variables demográficas y correlaciones significativas entre la utilidad y facilidad percibidas con las variables antes mencionadas. El estudio respaldó fuertemente los postulados del MAT sobre la utilidad percibida como correlato con mayor potencial predictivo. Se advirtió que dicho poder predictivo podría extenderse a otras variables psicológicas, mejorando la explicación de la adopción tecnológica. El estudio también arrojó luz sobre la importancia de la difusión para acelerar el ritmo de la adopción de una innovación. La demostración se realizó a través de un seguimiento de ocho meses al proceso de adopción de una tecnología educativa "en red". El diseño incluyó tres grupos de docentes (de tres carreras académicas diferentes). Uno de ellos recibió la difusión sistemática y los dos restantes actuaron como controles. Los resultados confirmaron la importancia de la difusión durante las fases iniciales de la adopción, destacando los postulados de la Teoría de Difusión de Innovaciones (TDI).
The aim of the present paper was to obtain information concerning the relationship of certain psychological variables with technology adoption behavior in higher educational settings. The research was conducted with a university teaching sample of innovators and early adopters, according with Rogers's typology. This study explored the links between perceived utility and perceived easy of use, widely studied by Technology Adoption Model (TAM), with other variables such as motivation, behavior use intention, attitudes toward technology application, internalisation of novelty and identification with the innovation. The results clearly showed relationships between adoption and certain demographical variables and significant correlations between perceived utility and perceived easy of use with that psychological variables already mentioned. The results strongly support TAM postulates, especially those that underline the predictive value of perceived utility. It was also possible to verify the extension of that predictive property to other psychological variables, improving the explanation of the technological adoption process. This study also enlightened the diffusion process relevance to accelerate the innovation adoption rhythm. The demonstration was conducted trough an eight month adoption follow up of an "on line" educational technology instrument. The design included three different teaching groups (extracted from three different academic programs). One of them received systematic diffusion influence, while the other two served as control groups. The results confirmed the importance of systematic diffusion during the early stages of adoption, stressing that finding of Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT).
The aim of the present paper was to obtain information concerning the relationship of certain psychological variables with technology adoption behavior in higher educational settings. The research was conducted with a university teaching sample of innovators and early adopters, according with Rogers's typology. This study explored the links between perceived utility and perceived easy of use, widely studied by Technology Adoption Model (TAM), with other variables such as motivation, behavior use intention, attitudes toward technology application, internalisation of novelty and identification with the innovation. The results clearly showed relationships between adoption and certain demographical variables and significant correlations between perceived utility and perceived easy of use with that psychological variables already mentioned. The results strongly support TAM postulates, especially those that underline the predictive value of perceived utility. It was also possible to verify the extension of that predictive property to other psychological variables, improving the explanation of the technological adoption process. This study also enlightened the diffusion process relevance to accelerate the innovation adoption rhythm. The demonstration was conducted trough an eight month adoption follow up of an "on line" educational technology instrument. The design included three different teaching groups (extracted from three different academic programs). One of them received systematic diffusion influence, while the other two served as control groups. The results confirmed the importance of systematic diffusion during the early stages of adoption, stressing that finding of Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT).
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No. 24