Browsing by Autor "Lourdes Zalles Cueto"

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Efecto de un esquema de recuperación nutricional a domicilio en la respuesta inmunitaria y desarrollo psicomotor en niños desnutridos leves y moderados entre seis meses y cinco años de edad.
(2013) Sevilla Paz Soldán; Mayra Arce; Rojas Odilia; Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Gérard Sevilla Encinas
Objectives: To determine the influence of malnutrition mild / moderate in immunity, psychomotor development of children from six months to five years and the effect of nutritional recovery scheme at home. Methods: A prospective randomized comparative study conducted on 1,200 children , according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Admitted 39 children with mild and / or moderate , they were compared with 41 healthy children. Both were followed for 22 weeks. In the study group focused on food, improving the environment , stimulation. Also received supplementation with : zinc , iron, vitamin A. In case of infection was treated according to standard protocols. The control group received normal food , not supplements. Both groups were assessed by anthropometry , clinical,psychomotor development, and immunity thymus ultrasound. In both groups was conducted information, education , nutrition communication. Results: E ighty children met entry criteria, 19 children were excluded in the study group (n = 30 ) recovered a P / T at 12 weeks (95 % ), the P / E , T / E , thickness, surface thymus recovered at 22 weeks , psychomotor development did not reach the expected threshold ; infections were 2 times per child. In 83 % improved living conditions . The control group ( n = 31 ) continued to grow, with good immunity , no infection and development within expectations. Conclusions: Malnutrition mild, moderate impact on immunity, psychomotor development. His recovery is not parallel to growth. It is possible to recover at 22 weeks immunity as is later recovery psychomotor.
Efecto del Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG en la recuperación inmunonutricional de niños desnutridos graves
(2011) Ricardo Sevilla Paz Soldán; Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Carlos Eróstegui Revilla; Ana María Olguín
Objectives: to assess the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the recovery of cell mediated immune and nutritional satatus of severely malnourished children. Methods: experimental, randomized, double-blind, controlled in severely malnourished children admitted to the CRIN of the Children’s Hospital Manuel Ascencio Villarroel in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Entered the study with the consent of parents, 44 children with severe malnutrition according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, (21 children study group: 23 children control group). Assessed by anthropometry, psychomotor development, immune response, lymphocyte counting subpopulations CD3, CD1a, CD71 and ultrasonography of the thymus and monitoring with CLAPSEN strategy. The study group received Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG 108/g day in a range of three days and standardized diet with micronutrients. The control group received the same diet and placebo. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19. Results: children in the study group improved P / TZ = 0.71 ± 0.99 SD (p <0.001) IC:95%(1.7- 045), the control group P / TZ =- 1.83 ± 1.15 DE, PBZ,T/ EZ, PCZ with no significant difference. The development of fine motor area: 69.00 ± 15.31 vs. control group: 60.39 ± 14.50 (p ≤ 0.06) IC:95% ( 0.46- 17.68). There was a lower incidence of infections, no significant difference; the recovery time was reduced to 24.28 ± 2.1 days (P≤ 0.001) vs. 33.17 ± 2.80 days of the control group. It was verified Reduction of immature lymphocyte populations with better distribution and greater surface area of thymus 489.61 ± 163.68 vs.. 372.85 ± 84.12 in the control group. Conclusions: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, improve and shorten nutritional recovery time and cell-mediate response.
Efecto del tratamiento preventivo con hierro en niños anémicos sobre la probabilidad de presentar convulsión febril
(2013) Ricardo Sevilla Paz Soldán; Maribel Santa Cruz Alcoba; Maribel Choque Barrera; Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Gérard Sevilla Encinas; Carlos Eróstegui
Objectives: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of preventive treatment with iron in anemic children on the probability of febrile seizures. Methods: a randomized study in the Hospital del Nino Manuel Ascencio Villarroel from January 2010 to December 2012, which included 205 children with anemia. Of these, 68 convulsed by fever, and 98 had other obvious cause seizures, so they were excluded from the study. Was chosen as a control group of 40 children who received preventive treatment with iron glycinate chelate. All children were determined hemoglobin levels, hemotocrito, MCV, MCHC, and the number of seizures. For statistical analysis we used SPSS version 16. Hypothesis testing was performed by the Student t. Correlation analysis was used bivariate and univariate Pearson chi-square for qualitative variables. Threshold of significance p ≤ 0.05. Results: the study group was 18.6 ± 13.6 months of age, HB of 10.6 ± 1.1 mg / dl, fever 38.9 ± 0.4 ° C, 89% of this group received no preventive treatment and presented febrile seizures, 20% convulsed twice, while in the control group age was 18.0 ± 7.8 months; HB 11.97 ± 0.4, temperature of 37.9 ° C ± 0.4 , (p <0.01). This group received preventive treatment with iron, had no seizures. Iron uptake in EG was 1.4% (n = 1) received before seizure iron, 10% (n = 7) receiving iron in a batch or partial and iron in any form received 89% (n = 61) When comparing averages, the differences were significant (p ≤ 0.001) for Hb, Hct, MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and temperature between groups. Hematologic correlations in the study group were significant between sei zure, Hb, hematocrit (r = 0.569, p ≤ 0.001). Frequent infections pharyngitis were 54.4% (n = 29) which had both low hemoglobin levels. Conclusions: in preventively untreated anemic children with iron, the probability of seizure events by fever is greater.
MEJORAMIENTO NUTRICIONAL, ENTORNO AMBIENTAL Y PSICOMOTOR EN DESNUTRIDOS CRÓNICOS MENORES CON LA ESTRATEGIA CLAPSEN COMUNITARIA
(2022) Ricardo Soldán Sevilla Paz; Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Pablo Mollo; Carlos Eróstegui; Anahi Perez Zabaleta; Noelia Rivera Tolava
Objetivo: Mejorar el estado nutricional, el desarrollo psicomotor y el entorno en niños preescolares condesnutrición crónica en zonas rurales. Materiales y métodos: 53 niños ingresaron al estudio de intervenciónepidemiológica de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión. Para la evaluación inicial y final se incorporaron las tresdimensiones, por un lado el estado nutricional caracterizado por antropometría, clínica y laboratorio, por otrolado el desarrollo psicomotor a partir de la escala de Denver y por último el entorno ambiental según la escalade porcentajes. El seguimiento se realizó con la estrategia CLAPSEN COMMUNITY que incide en las áreasClínica, Laboratorio, Antropometría, Psicología, Social, Educación y Nutrición. El proceso fue llevado a cabo porun equipo multidisciplinario, mediante el uso de folletos educativos, charlas, talleres y ferias comunitarias condiversas temáticas. Se introTdujo el instrumento de seguimiento de la "mochila nutricional". Se desarrollaronhuertos familiares, se entregaron suplementos nutricionales y se realizó el manejo del estrés y la estimulacióndel desarrollo psicomotor del niño. Resultados: Dimensión nutricional: crecimiento al ingreso: -2,11 ± 0,7 DS a:0,67 ± 0,3 DE (p <0,000) al alta; Hb: 10,4g / dl5 ± 3,3 a: 12,54g / dl ± 1,2 (p> 0,001); Ferritina de: 12,81 ± 9,65mg/ dl a: 19,60 ± 1011mg / l (p <0,003). Desarrollo: las habilidades motoras gruesas mejoraron de 76,1 ± 14 SD a95,1 ± 5,7 SD (p≤0,000).
Relación de las determinantes de la salud con el estado de salud de pobladores de la zona de K'ara K'ara en Cochabamba (Bolivia) valorado a través de revisión médica
(2013) Carlos Erdstegui; Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Ricardo Sevilla Paz Soldán; Noelia Carvajal; Doris Cartagena; Karla N. Montaño-Rueda; Boris Blanco Cáceres
Objetivos: el objetivo de ese trabajo fue indagar sobre el estado de salud valorado a traves de la revision medica de la comunidad de K´ara kara y su posible relacion con las determinantes sociales de la salud. Metodos: se realizo revision clinica a pobladores adultos y ninos de dos barrios de Kara kara, y se tomaron muestras de sangre y orina a los ninos. Resultados: se analizaron varias variables en relacion con las determinantes sociales de la salud, y se encontro que la malnutricion es uno de los factores que sobresalen, junto al alto indice de abortos y problemas del embarazo. Conclusiones: La salud en general de los pobladores de Kara kara esta afectada en los aspectos nutricional, reproductivo, psicologico y otros , pero la determinante mas importante en este caso es la educacion tanto formal como la educacion en salud que determinan el estado nutricional y la conducta de prevencion.
Utilidad del Índice de Pronóstico Inflamatorio y Nutricional (PINI) en el diagnóstico de niños con desnutrición grave
(2012) Lourdes Zalles Cueto; Ricardo Sevilla Paz Soldán; María Luisa Gamarra Salas
Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI) by determining Albumin, Prealbumin, Alpha-1-glyco protein and C-reactive protein as a predictor of risk for nutritional rehabilitation of severely malnourished children. Methods: We studied 36 children (as) in hospitalized malnourished CRIN infected and 30 children (as) controls between 6 months and 5 years with anthropometric and nutritional assessment. Hematological parameters were determined, and nutritional and inflammatory proteins by turbidi metry. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation with ANOVA one-way and Student’s t test. 95% statistical confidence (P <0.05) with the statistical package STATA. 10. Results: Anthropometry showed a significant difference in all parameters compared with the control group and reference threshold of the National Center for Health Statistics. Hematologic parameters below the lower limit of normality. 69% with anemia, 19 were deficient transferrin, leukocytosis 25%, 8% eosinophilia, 14% neutrophils and 14% parasitized. The albumin and prealbumin concentrations significantly decreased, the Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and C-reactive protein significantly hig her than control children (p<0.001). 25% showed a weak risk PINI, 42% moderate risk, high risk 22% and 11% correlated with life-threatening comorbidities. Healthy children, a PINI less than 1. Conclusions: The PINI as a complement to the clinic helps to assess the initial severity of the infection, to foresee and monitor trends in child malnutrition. A micromethod is simple, fast as it can be repeated regularly.