Browsing by Autor "Patricia Rodríguez"

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A Smartphone-based Low-Cost Inverted Laser Fluorescence Microscope for Disease Diagnosis
(2022) Omar Ormachea; Alex Villazón; Patricia Rodríguez; Mirko Zimic
Fluorescence microscopy is an important tool for disease diagnosis, often requiring costly optical components, such as fluorescence filter cubes and high-power light sources. Due to its high cost, conventional fluorescence microscopy cannot be fully exploited in low-income settings. Smartphone-based fluorescence microscopy becomes an interesting low-cost alternative, but raises challenges in the optical system. We present the development of a low-cost inverted laser fluorescence microscope, that uses a smartphone to visualize the fluorescence image of biological samples. Our fluorescence microscope uses a laser-based simplified optical filter system, that provides analog optical filtering capabilities of a fluorescence filter cube. Firstly, we validated our inverted optical filtering by visualizing microbeads labeled with three different fluorescent compounds or fluorophores, commonly used for disease diagnosis. Secondly, we validated the disease diagnosis capabilities, by comparing the results of our device with those of a commercial fluorescence microscope. We successfully detected and visualized Trypanosoma cruzi parasites, responsible of the Chagas infectious disease, and the presence of Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies of the ANCA non-communicable autoimmune disease. The samples were labeled with the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorophore, one of the most commonly used for disease diagnosis. Our device provides a 400 X magnification and is at least two orders magnitude cheaper than conventional commercial fluorescence microscopes.
Are maternal re‐infections with Trypanosoma cruzi associated with higher morbidity and mortality of congenital Chagas disease?
(Wiley, 2006) Faustino Torrico; Cristina Alonso Vega; Eduardo Suárez; Tatiana Tellez; Laurent Brutus; Patricia Rodríguez; Mary‐Cruz Torrico; Dominique Schneider; Carine Truyens; Yves Carlier
Frequent bites of blood sucking Reduvidae during pregnancy do not induce maternal anaemia, but, likely through multiple maternal re-infections with T. cruzi, increase maternal parasitemia and worsen congenital Chagas disease. Maternal dwelling in areas of high VD is associated with a serious increased risk of severe and mortal congenital Chagas disease.
Assessing Barriers Encountered by Women in Cervical Cancer Screening and Follow-Up Care in Urban Bolivia, Cochabamba
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022) Sherihane Bensemmane; Katherine Loayza Villarroel; Kevin Montaño; Elyas Louati; Carla Ascarrunz; Patricia Rodríguez; Véronique Fontaine; Samia Laokri
Improved communication on HPV and HPV-related cancers in terms of representation in the general population and among the health professional's population is vital to improve access for HPV infection follow-up care.
Assessment of a new low-cost, PCR-based strategy for high-risk human papillomavirus DNA detection for cervical cancer prevention
(BioMed Central, 2019) Pedro Surriabre; Andrea Torrico; Tania Vargas; Fuantina Ugarte; Patricia Rodríguez; Véronique Fontaine
This novel strategy, combining two PCR-based techniques for HR-HPV detection, could be useful for cervical cancer screening in self-collected samples in low-income countries.
Comparación de la PCR GP5+/GP6+BIO–EIAe INNO-LiPA para la detección de genotipos de alto riesgo del virus del papiloma humano en Cochabamba, Bolivia
(2024) María Isabel García-Sejas; Tania Vargas; Karina Ustariz; Shirley Rojas; Rosse Mary Yañez; Patricia Rodríguez
El principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo del cáncer cervical es la infección persistente con genotipos de alto riesgo del virus del papiloma humano (VPH-AR). Muchos métodos para la detección de VPH-AR están disponibles comercialmente, y su uso como método de tamizaje está contribuyendo a la disminución de la incidencia de cáncer de cuello uterino en varios países. Objetivo: el propósito de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia de la PCR con cebadores GP5+/GP6+BIO-EIA, comparándola con la técnica de INNO-LiPA, utilizada como estándar de oro para la detección de infecciones por VPH-AR, en especial VPH 16/18. Métodos: se analizaron en paralelo 98 muestras cervicales positivas para PCR PGMY09/11 o PCR anidada GP5/6, mediante PCR GP5+/GP6+BIO seguida de un inmunoensayo (EIA) y por PCR SPF10 seguida de una hibridación reversa (INNO-LiPA). El nivel de concordancia se determinó con el valor Kappa de Cohen. Resultados: en el análisis de concordancia para detectar VPH-AR valores de Kappa para INNO-LiPA y PCR GP5+/GP6+BIO-EIA en multi-infecciones y mono-infecciones fueron de 0,3 (95 % IC, 0,11-0,44) y 0,6 (95 % IC, 0,32-0,89) respectivamente. En general, la concordancia para detectar VPH-AR 16/18 entre ambos métodos fue moderada, con un Kappa de 0,5 (95 % IC, 0,34-0,67) y 0,7 (95 % IC, 0,48-0,95) en mono-infecciones (VPH 16 o 18). Conclusiones: los hallazgos de comparación entre la PCR GP5+/GP6+BIO-EIA y la técnica INNO-LiPA muestran de pobre a moderada concordancia para la detección de VPH-AR y de moderada a buena, para la detección de VPH 16 o 18.
Congenital Transmission ofTrypanosoma cruziIs Associated with Maternal Enhanced Parasitemia and Decreased Production of Interferon‐γ in Response to Parasite Antigens
(Oxford University Press, 2004) Emmanuel Hermann; Carine Truyens; Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Patricia Rodríguez; Aurélie Berthe; Faustino Torrico; Yves Carlier
The conditions and mechanisms of congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi remain largely unknown. In the present study, we compared the parasitic loads and the immune responses of pregnant T. cruzi-infected women who transmitted parasites to their fetus ("M+B+ mothers") with those of such women who did not transmit parasites to their fetus ("M+B- mothers"). M+B+ mothers had a higher frequency of positive results of hemoculture for T. cruzi than did M+B- mothers, in association with depressed production of parasite-specific interferon- gamma by blood cells that persisted after delivery. In contrast, the production of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-10 and transforming growth factor- beta 1 was similar between both groups of infected mothers, after stimulation with T. cruzi lysate. Flow cytometric analysis showed that T cells and monocytes of M+B+ mothers were less activated than were those of M+B- mothers. Altogether, these results indicate that congenital transmission of T. cruzi is associated with high parasitic loads and peripheral deficient immunological responses in mothers.
Conocimientos, prácticas y seroprevalencia humana de brucelosis en la zona lechera central de Cochabamba, Bolivia
(Pan American Health Organization, 2025) Rosse Mary Yañez; Rocío Quitón; Ernesto Rojas; Tania Vargas; Daniel Eid Rodríguez; Jean‐Jacques Letesson; Patricia Rodríguez
This study revealed a high seroprevalence of brucellosis in the La Maica dairy-producing area in Cochabamba (Plurinational State of Bolivia), with many asymptomatic cases and a high number of false positives from IgG indirect ELISA. It is recommended to conduct awareness-raising campaigns on the risks of this disease and to discourage the consumption of raw milk.
Database for comparison between Hybrid Capture and PCR techniques for HPV-HR detection
(Figshare (United Kingdom), 2019) Pedro Surriabre; Andrea Torrico; Tania Vargas; Fuantina Ugarte; Patricia Rodríguez; Véronique Fontaine
This database displays the results from the HPV-HR detection with the gold standard technique Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and different PCR-based techniques. These results are compared in order to determine the degree of agreement between theses techniques.
[Effects of maternal infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in pregnancy development and in the newborn infant].
(National Institutes of Health, 2005) Faustino Torrico; Mildred Castro; Marco Solano; Patricia Rodríguez; Mary‐Cruz Torrico; Carine Truyens; Yves Carlier
In the endemic regions of Bolivia the infection of the feminine population in fertile age by T. cruzi is frequent (20 to 50 % of the women in fertile age) and the rate of fetal maternal transmission is of approximately 5%. A great percentage of infected women do not transmit the infection to the fetus. The intention of the present study carried out at the Maternal-Infantile Hospital Germán Urquidi of Cochabamba (Bolivia) is to contribute to the knowledge regarding the pregnancy and birth of a newborn of Chagas infected women who do not transmit the infection to the fetus. 2124 mothers and 2,155 newborns were studied. The prevalence of infection by T. cruzi among these pregnant women is of 26,3%. Two groups of mothers were studied: 554 that presented infection by T. cruzi (group M+B-) and 1520 not infected (group control M-B-). Both groups of mothers are comparable in their anthropometric and obstetrical antecedents. The mothers (M+B+) are in average older than those not infected (p<0.05), which will probably have an influence on the number of gestations and abortion antecedents, which were of p<0.05 and p=0.01 respectively. Among the different anthropometric and biological parameters studied in newborns of groups M+B- and M-B -, no statistically significant differences between both groups were found. It can be inferred that the chronic maternal infection by T. cruzi seems to have no clinical influence, neither on the course of the pregnancy nor during birth, if a group of T. cruzi infected mothers is compared to a non infected group.
[Endemic level of congenital Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the areas of maternal residence and the development of congenital Chagas disease in Bolivia].
(National Institutes of Health, 2005) Faustino Torrico; Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Eduardo Suárez; Patricia Rodríguez; Mary‐Cruz Torrico; M. Dramaix; Carine Truyens; Yves Carlier
In Bolivia, the prevalence of infection by T. cruzi in women in fertile age can vary between 20 and 60%. The present study made in the Maternity Germin Urquidi of Cochabamba - Bolivia, it has demonstrated, that 19.9% of the mothers who go to this hospitable center to be taken care of in the childbirth, they are carrying of the infection and that 4,6% of them, they are going to transmit, by transplacentaria route, the infection to its babies. Of the 71 children born with congenital Chagas, only 47,8 % present/display some type of alteration or of development(Apgar to 1 minute low, BPN, prematuridad, pathological dismadurez) or signs (SDR, hepatomegalia, esplenomegalia, neurological signs, cardiomegalia, anasarca, petequias). When investigating the effect of the differences in the vectorial density (low, medium and high) of the zone of maternal residence, on the transmission of the infection of the mother infected to the fetus, we concluded that the rate of transmission of the congenital infection of T. cruzi is not modified by the level of endemicidad of the zone of maternal residence. By another infected new born sides whose mothers reside in zones of high endemicidad present/display, most frequently and of significant way, Apgar to 1 minute < to 7, low weight when being born and prematuridad or an association of these alterations with respiratory syndrome of distress or anasarca, when one compares them with new born of resident mothers in the zones of loss or medium endemicidad, mortality in this group is greater. These results suggest calls to account it of the mothers, in areas of high endemicidad, she is associate with a serious increase in the risk of Disease of newborn severe and mortal congenital Chagas in.
Engaging Communities in Health Promotion through Community-Based Primary Care and Participatory Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bolivia
(Elsevier BV, 2025) Christine Leyns; Carla Ascarrunz; Shirley Rasguido; Patricia Rodríguez; Daniel Eid Rodríguez; Javier Guitián
Estatus inmunológico de las madres infectadas por T. cruzi.
(Université Libre de Bruxelles, 2005) Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Emmanuel Hermann; Carine Truyens; Patricia Rodríguez; Mary Cruz Torrico; Faustino Torrico; Yves Carlier
The mechanisms of congenital transmission of Chagas disease remain largely unknown. To better understand the role of maternal immunology during pregnancy in congenital Chagas transmission, we studied the cytokine production and the parasitic load in three groups of mothers: infected mothers who transmitted the disease to their babies (M+B+-), infected mothers who did not transmit the disease to their babies (M+B-) and not infected mothers as a control group (M-B-). M+B+ mothers produced less IFNgamma and more IL-10 than the M+B- mothers, and they are not able to produce IL-2. M+B+ mothers showed a higher parasitic load. These results, indicated that the congenital Chagas transmission is associated with an immunological imbalance and a high parasitic load in the M+B+ mothers.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of high-risk human papilloma self-sampling test for cervical cancer screening in Bolivia
(BioMed Central, 2020) Gustavo Allende; Pedro Surriabre; Neli Ovando; Pamela Calle; Andrea Torrico; Jaime Villarroel; M. Bossens; Véronique Fontaine; Patricia Rodríguez
Hybrid, Vaccine-Induced and Natural Immunity Against Sars-Cov-2 in Traditional Food Markets in Bolivia (2020-2022): A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Serological Survey
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2024) Christine Leyns; Elliot McClenaghan; Patricia Rodríguez; Patrick Nguipdop‐Djomo; Carla Ascarrunz; Daniel Eid Rodríguez; Punam Mangtani; Javier Guitián
Hybrid, Vaccine-Induced and Natural Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 in Traditional Food Markets in Bolivia (2020-2022): A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Serological Survey
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2024) Christine Leyns; Elliot McClenaghan; Patricia Rodríguez; Patrick Nguipdop‐Djomo; Carla Ascarrunz; Daniel Eid Rodríguez; Punam Mangtani; Javier Guitián
Hybrid, vaccine-induced and natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in traditional food markets in Bolivia (2020−2022): A cross-sectional analysis of a serological survey
(Elsevier BV, 2025) Christine Leyns; Elliot McClenaghan; Patricia Rodríguez; Patrick Nguipdop‐Djomo; Carla Ascarrunz; Daniel Eid Rodríguez; Punam Mangtani; Javier Guitián
[Immunological status of mothers infected with Trypanosoma cruzi].
(National Institutes of Health, 2005) Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Emmanuel Hermann; Carine Truyens; Patricia Rodríguez; Mary Cruz Torrico; Faustino Torrico; Yves Carlier
The mechanisms of congenital transmission of Chagas disease remain largely unknown. To better understand the role of maternal immunology during pregnancy in congenital Chagas transmission, we studied the cytokine production and the parasitic load in three groups of mothers: infected mothers who transmitted the disease to their babies (M+B+-), infected mothers who did not transmit the disease to their babies (M+B-) and not infected mothers as a control group (M-B-). M+B+ mothers produced less IFNgamma and more IL-10 than the M+B- mothers, and they are not able to produce IL-2. M+B+ mothers showed a higher parasitic load. These results, indicated that the congenital Chagas transmission is associated with an immunological imbalance and a high parasitic load in the M+B+ mothers.
MaternalTrypanosoma cruziInfection Upregulates Capacity of Uninfected Neonate Cells To Produce Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines
(American Society for Microbiology, 2000) Johan Vekemans; Carine Truyens; Faustino Torrico; Marco Solano; Mary‐Cruz Torrico; Patricia Rodríguez; Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Yves Carlier
The possibility of maternal in utero modulation of the innate and/or adaptive immune responses of uninfected newborns from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mothers was investigated by studying the capacity of their whole blood cells to produce cytokines in response to T. cruzi lysate or lipopolysaccharide-plus-phytohemagglutinin (LPS-PHA) stimulation. Cells of such newborns occasionally released gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and no interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 upon specific stimulation, while their mothers responded by the production of IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4. Infection in mothers was also associated with a hyperactivation of maternal cells and also, strikingly, of cells of their uninfected neonates, since their release of proinflammatory (IL-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha]) as well as of anti-inflammatory (IL-10 and soluble TNF receptor) cytokines or factors was upregulated in the presence of LPS-PHA and/or parasite lysate. These results show that T. cruzi infection in mothers induces profound perturbations in the cytokine response of their uninfected neonates. Such maternal influence on neonatal innate immunity might contribute to limit the occurrence and severity of congenital infection.
[Serum levels for IgM and IgA antibodies to anti-trypanosoma cruzi in samples of blood from newborns from mothers with positive serology for Chagas disease].
(National Institutes of Health, 2005) Patricia Rodríguez; Carine Truyens; Cristina Alonso‐Vega; Amilcar Flores; Marisol Córdova; Eduardo Suárez; Faustino Torrico; Yves Carlier
This study compares the levels of specific antibodies IgM and IgA for Chagas in samples of blood from newborns. Three groups of cord blood samples have been analysed: a group of 42 samples from newborns, displaying positive parasitemia, of seropositive mothers (M+B+), 68 samples from newborns with negative parasitemia whose mothers were seropositive (M+B-) and a group of 45 control newborns coming from mothers with negative serology for Chagas. From the 42 M+B+ samples with congenital Chagas disease, 81 and 82.9% displayed detectable levels of IgM and IgA antibodies, respectively In the M+B- group, 70.6 and 33.8% presented antibodies of IgM and IgA classes, respectively, whereas in the control group M-B-, we detected 6% and 11.1% of IgM and IgA antibodies, respectively. The calculated sensitivity of detection of congenital cases using IgM or IgA antibodies was of 82.9% and 80.9% respectively, whereas the specificity of detection was of 29.4% for IgM antibodies and of 66.1% for IgA antibodies.