Evaluación de características comerciales en Quinua roja (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en K'iphak'iphani, provincia Ingavi - La Paz
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Abstract
El trabajo de investigación se desarrolló en el Centro de Investigación K'iphak'iphani localidad de Viacha, departamento de La Paz, con la finalidad de evaluar variables en la cosecha y post cosecha de 12 líneas de quinua roja (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seleccionadas por su resistencia al mildiu (Peronospora variabilis). Los objetivos fueron evaluar las variables cuantitativas en la cosecha, determinando su respectivo índice de cosecha, evaluar el peso hectolítrico y su relación con el tamaño de grano, determinar las categorías de grano según calibre y sus proporciones, probar la calidad de semilla en la germinación y evaluar la calidad del grano al ser procesada (expandido y laminado). Los resultados de las variables cuantitativas mostraron diferencias estadísticas entre líneas, se determinó que a mayor altura de planta existe mejor desarrollo y calidad de grano, las líneas evaluadas presentaron mayor porcentaje de grano mediano. Sin embargo, presentan diferencias altamente significativas al ser procesadas, con buena calidad de grano para semilla, características que se atribuyen al material genético, lo que conduce a establecer criterios técnicos de evaluación en el proceso de selección en campo y aprovechamiento diferenciado de variedades en la agroindustria de la quinua.
The research was carried at the Research Center K'iphak'iphani Viacha, La Paz department, in order to evalúate the variables in the harvest and post-harvest of 12 lines of selected red quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) For its resistance to mildew (Peronospora variabilis). The objectives were to evalúate the quantitative variables in the harvest, determining their respective harvest Índex, to evalúate the hectoliter weight and its relation to grain size, to determine the categories of grain according to caliber and their proportions, to test seed quality in germination and evalúate the quality of the grain processed (expanded and laminated). The results of the quantitative variables showed statistical differences between lines, it was determined that at higher plant height there is better development and grain quality, the evaluated lines presented higher percentage of médium grain, however, the same ones that also present highly significant differences to processed, with good quality of grain for seed, characteristics that are attributed to the genetic material, which leads to establish technical criteria of evaluation in the process of field selection and differentiated use of varieties in the quinoa agroindustry.
The research was carried at the Research Center K'iphak'iphani Viacha, La Paz department, in order to evalúate the variables in the harvest and post-harvest of 12 lines of selected red quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) For its resistance to mildew (Peronospora variabilis). The objectives were to evalúate the quantitative variables in the harvest, determining their respective harvest Índex, to evalúate the hectoliter weight and its relation to grain size, to determine the categories of grain according to caliber and their proportions, to test seed quality in germination and evalúate the quality of the grain processed (expanded and laminated). The results of the quantitative variables showed statistical differences between lines, it was determined that at higher plant height there is better development and grain quality, the evaluated lines presented higher percentage of médium grain, however, the same ones that also present highly significant differences to processed, with good quality of grain for seed, characteristics that are attributed to the genetic material, which leads to establish technical criteria of evaluation in the process of field selection and differentiated use of varieties in the quinoa agroindustry.
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Vol. 3, No. 2