Actitudes hacia la muerte expresadas por jóvenes en contexto COVID-19 en la región de Tarapacá
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Revista de Psicologia
Abstract
Esta investigación analizó las actitudes hacia la muerte expresadas por un grupo de adultos jóvenes en contexto COVID-19. Los participantes fueron 10 jóvenes residentes en la región de Tarapacá (60% mujeres, 40% hombres) entre 18 a 29 años. La metodología tuvo un enfoque mixto de preponderancia cualitativa y diseño secuencial. En la primera etapa, se administró el Perfil Revisado de Actitudes hacia la muerte [PAM-R] para medir cinco actitudes: Miedo a la muerte; Evitación de la muerte; Aceptación de acercamiento; Aceptación de escape; y Aceptación neutral. Posteriormente, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas que profundizaron los resultados, mediante la exploración de las percepciones, emociones y pensamientos de los participantes durante la pandemia. Finalmente, se triangularon los datos cuantitativos y cualitativos para obtener una mayor validez. Los resultados señalan a estas actitudes como un fenómeno contextual, cuya expresión depende de diversos elementos personales y del entorno, siendo los más importantes los miedos asociados a familiares. En jóvenes, la muerte fue comprendida como una realidad lejana. Esto influyó en una alta neutralidad y bajo miedo a la muerte propia. El contexto COVID-19 actuó como un factor influyente en las actitudes, particularmente en el miedo al contagio o a la posibilidad de morir. Si bien los jóvenes reconocieron la peligrosidad del virus, sus necesidades emocionales-afectivas se vislumbraron como problemas más urgentes. Por lo tanto, los miedos en contexto COVID-19 no evitaron la exposición al contagio en compañía de amigos. Estas conductas fueron significadas como medidas de autocuidado psicológico, particularmente en jóvenes con Aceptación de Escape.
This research analyzed the attitudes towards death expressed by a group of young adults in a COVID-19 context. The participants were 10 young residents in the Tarapacá region (60% women, 40% men) between 18 and 29 years old. The methodology had a mixed approach of qualitative preponderance and sequential design. First, the Death Attitude Profile-Revised [DAP-R] was administered to measure five attitudes: Fear of Death, Death Avoidance, Approach Acceptance, Escape Acceptance, and Neutral Acceptance. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were applied that deepened the results, by exploring the perceptions, emotions and thoughts of the participants during the pandemic. Finally, the quantitative and qualitative data were triangulated to obtain greater validity. The results point to these attitudes as a contextual phenomenon, the expression of which depends on various personal and environmental elements, the most important being the fears associated with family members. In young people, death was understood as a distant reality. This influenced a high neutrality and low fear of own death. The COVID-19 context acted as an influencing factor in attitudes, particularly in fear of contagion or the possibility of dying. Although the young people recognized the dangerousness of the virus, their emotional-affective needs were seen as more urgent problems. Therefore, fears in the COVID-19 context did not prevent exposure to contagion in the company of friends. These behaviors were signified as measures of psychological self-care, particularly in young people with Escape Acceptance.
This research analyzed the attitudes towards death expressed by a group of young adults in a COVID-19 context. The participants were 10 young residents in the Tarapacá region (60% women, 40% men) between 18 and 29 years old. The methodology had a mixed approach of qualitative preponderance and sequential design. First, the Death Attitude Profile-Revised [DAP-R] was administered to measure five attitudes: Fear of Death, Death Avoidance, Approach Acceptance, Escape Acceptance, and Neutral Acceptance. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were applied that deepened the results, by exploring the perceptions, emotions and thoughts of the participants during the pandemic. Finally, the quantitative and qualitative data were triangulated to obtain greater validity. The results point to these attitudes as a contextual phenomenon, the expression of which depends on various personal and environmental elements, the most important being the fears associated with family members. In young people, death was understood as a distant reality. This influenced a high neutrality and low fear of own death. The COVID-19 context acted as an influencing factor in attitudes, particularly in fear of contagion or the possibility of dying. Although the young people recognized the dangerousness of the virus, their emotional-affective needs were seen as more urgent problems. Therefore, fears in the COVID-19 context did not prevent exposure to contagion in the company of friends. These behaviors were signified as measures of psychological self-care, particularly in young people with Escape Acceptance.
Description
No. 27