Caracterización clínica epidemiológica en neonatos de madres con COVID-19 en un hospital de la sierra peruana
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Revista UNITEPC
Abstract
Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas epidemiológicas de los neonatos hijos de madre con COVID-19 durante el 2020-2021. Métodos. El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y exámenes de laboratorio de 128 casos de madres y 128 casos de neonatos, se aplicó la ficha de valoración de las características clínica epidemiológica. Resultados. Predominaron los recién nacidos a término (60,9 %), peso al nacer igual o mayor a 2500 g (78,1 %), con Apgar igual o mayor a 7 tanto al minuto (90,6 %) y a los cinco minutos (95,3 %), hospitalizados (42,2 %) y en alojamiento conjunto (54,7 %). Todos los neonatos fueron sometidos al examen de PCR-RT para SARS-CoV-2 a las dos horas de nacidos, encontrando casos positivos (4,7 %), siendo el síntoma más frecuente la diarrea (10,2 %), el 95,3 % fueron asintomático. En cuanto a las características clínicas de las madres, estas fueron asintomáticas (93 %), positivos a prueba para SARS-CoV-2 (84,4 %). La complicación obstétrica más frecuente fue la infección del trato urinario (21,1 %), y el tipo de parto de mayor frecuencia fue eutócico (75,8 %). Conclusiones. En la investigación el 4,7 % de los neonatos presentó prueba PCR-RT con resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2, el 14,6 % fueron recién nacidos menores de 37 semanas de edad gestacional, el 42,2 % fueron hospitalizados y la complicación más frecuente fue la ictericia neonatal. Las madres con COVID-19 fueron asintomáticas en más del 95 %. La complicación materna más frecuente fue la ITU con 21.1 %.
objective. To describe the clinical epidemiological characteristics of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 during 2020-2021. Methods. The study was observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional. The clinical histories and laboratory tests of 128 cases of mothers and 128 cases of neonates were reviewed, the assessment sheet of the clinical-epidemiological characteristics was applied. Results. There was a predominance of full-term newborns (60.9%), birth weight equal to or greater than 2500 g (78.1%), with Apgar scores equal to or greater than 7 both at one minute (90.6%) and at five minutes (95.3%), hospitalized (42.2%) and rooming-in (54.7%). All neonates underwent the PCR-RT test for SARS-CoV-2 two hours after birth, finding positive cases (4.7%), the most frequent symptom being diarrhea (10.2%), 95 .3% were asymptomatic. Regarding the clinical characteristics of the mothers, they were asymptomatic (93%), positive to the test for SARS-CoV-2 (84.4%). The most frequent obstetric complication was urinary tract infection (21.1%), and the most frequent type of delivery was eutocic (75.8%). Conclusions. In the investigation, 4.7% of the newborns presented a PCR-RT test with a positive result for SARS-CoV-2, 14.6% were newborns under 37 weeks of gestational age, 42.2% were hospitalized, and the most frequent complication was neonatal jaundice. Mothers with COVID-19 were asymptomatic in more than 95%. The most frequent maternal complication was UTI with 21.1%.
objective. To describe the clinical epidemiological characteristics of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 during 2020-2021. Methods. The study was observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional. The clinical histories and laboratory tests of 128 cases of mothers and 128 cases of neonates were reviewed, the assessment sheet of the clinical-epidemiological characteristics was applied. Results. There was a predominance of full-term newborns (60.9%), birth weight equal to or greater than 2500 g (78.1%), with Apgar scores equal to or greater than 7 both at one minute (90.6%) and at five minutes (95.3%), hospitalized (42.2%) and rooming-in (54.7%). All neonates underwent the PCR-RT test for SARS-CoV-2 two hours after birth, finding positive cases (4.7%), the most frequent symptom being diarrhea (10.2%), 95 .3% were asymptomatic. Regarding the clinical characteristics of the mothers, they were asymptomatic (93%), positive to the test for SARS-CoV-2 (84.4%). The most frequent obstetric complication was urinary tract infection (21.1%), and the most frequent type of delivery was eutocic (75.8%). Conclusions. In the investigation, 4.7% of the newborns presented a PCR-RT test with a positive result for SARS-CoV-2, 14.6% were newborns under 37 weeks of gestational age, 42.2% were hospitalized, and the most frequent complication was neonatal jaundice. Mothers with COVID-19 were asymptomatic in more than 95%. The most frequent maternal complication was UTI with 21.1%.
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Vol. 10, No. 1