Propiedades psicométricas de la escala de funcionamiento familiar (APGAR) de Gabriel Smilkstein en escolares Peruanos
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Revista de Psicologia
Abstract
La investigación propone la aplicación de la escala APGAR diseñada por Gabriel Smilkstein (1978) adaptada al Perú por Castilla et al. (2014) para evaluar el Funcionamiento Familiar en escolares de Lima Norte en 2024, seleccionándola por su aplicabilidad y disponibilidad. Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas de esta escala en escolares peruanos. Método: tipo psicométrico, diseño de investigación instrumental y transversal, donde participaron 130 escolares media aritmética entre 11 a 16 años (M=14.09 y DS= 1.378) Lima Norte - Perú. Se analizó la evidencia basada en la estructura interna, confiabilidad, invarianza de medición según sexo, y se halló la validez convergente con la variable autoestima. Resultados: El APGAR indica buenos índices de bondad de ajuste (CFI= 0.974, TLI= 0.071; RMSEA= 0.071 y SRMR=0.067). La confiabilidad de la escala a través de dos coeficientes, el primero coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach (α=0.872) y segundo el coeficiente Omega de McDonald (ω=0.844). Asimismo, la correlación entre Funcionalidad familiar y autoestima, el coeficiente de correlación es 0.216 (p <0.05). Conclusiones: La Funcionalidad Familiar es un instrumento multidimensional con aceptables valores de confiabilidad y diferentes fuentes de evidencias de validez. Por lo tanto, se recomienda utilizar APGAR como herramienta adicional para la evaluación de Funcionalidad Familiar en la población de escolares peruanos.
The research proposes the application of the APGAR scale designed by Gabriel Smilkstein (1978) adapted to Peru by Castilla et al. (2014) to assess Family Functioning in schoolchildren in North Lima in 2024, selecting it for its applicability and availability. Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of this scale in Peruvian schoolchildren. Method: psychometric type, instrumental and cross-sectional research design, with the participation of 130 schoolchildren between 11 and 16 years of age (M=14.09 and SD= 1.378) Lima Norte - Peru. Evidence based on internal structure, reliability, and invariance of measurement according to sex was analyzed, and convergent validity was found with the self-esteem variable. Results: The APGAR indicates good goodness-of-fit indices (CFI= 0.974, TLI= 0.071; RMSEA= 0.071 and SRMR=0.067). The reliability of the scale through two coefficients, the first being Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.872) and the second being McDonald's Omega coefficient (ω=0.844). Likewise, the correlation between family functionality and self-esteem, the correlation coefficient is 0.216 (p <0.005). Conclusions: Family Functionality is a multidimensional instrument with acceptable reliability values and different sources of validity evidence. Therefore, it is recommended to use APGAR as an additional tool for the evaluation of Family Functionality in the Peruvian school population.
The research proposes the application of the APGAR scale designed by Gabriel Smilkstein (1978) adapted to Peru by Castilla et al. (2014) to assess Family Functioning in schoolchildren in North Lima in 2024, selecting it for its applicability and availability. Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of this scale in Peruvian schoolchildren. Method: psychometric type, instrumental and cross-sectional research design, with the participation of 130 schoolchildren between 11 and 16 years of age (M=14.09 and SD= 1.378) Lima Norte - Peru. Evidence based on internal structure, reliability, and invariance of measurement according to sex was analyzed, and convergent validity was found with the self-esteem variable. Results: The APGAR indicates good goodness-of-fit indices (CFI= 0.974, TLI= 0.071; RMSEA= 0.071 and SRMR=0.067). The reliability of the scale through two coefficients, the first being Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.872) and the second being McDonald's Omega coefficient (ω=0.844). Likewise, the correlation between family functionality and self-esteem, the correlation coefficient is 0.216 (p <0.005). Conclusions: Family Functionality is a multidimensional instrument with acceptable reliability values and different sources of validity evidence. Therefore, it is recommended to use APGAR as an additional tool for the evaluation of Family Functionality in the Peruvian school population.
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No. 32