Caracterización morfológica y fisiológica de aislamientos nativos de Beauveria brongniartii a partir de insectos infectados en campo
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Abstract
El hongo Beauveria brongniartii tiene actividad patogénica sobre diversos insectos en el agroecosistema andino. Sin embargo, los estudios en este campo son escasos en el país. El objetivo del estudio fue caracterizar morfológica y fisiológicamente aislamientos nativos del hongo, a partir de insectos infectados en campo, en la Estación Experimental Choquenaira, Viacha - Bolivia. Se colectó insectos parasitados de campo, los cuales se aislaron y caracterizaron bajo criterios morfológicos y fisiológicos en laboratorio. Las variables evaluadas fueron: análisis de aislamientos obtenidos, características morfológicas macroscópicas (crecimiento, aspecto, color, superficie, pigmentación y sinemas) y microscópicas (hifas, conidióforos, fiálides, raquis, conidias) y medidas fisiológicas (crecimiento, conidiación y germinación). Se realizó el análisis descriptivo (caracteres morfológicos) y estadístico (caracteres fisiológicos) bajo el diseño completo al azar, con ANVA, prueba Duncan, desviación estándar (error ≤ 5 %). Se obtuvo cinco aislamientos a partir de los hospederos Phyllophaga sp., Premnotrypes sp (2), Astylus vittaticollis, Notiobia sp. (Bbr1, Bbr2, Bbr3, Bbr4 y Bbr5), denotando su adaptabilidad, su rango y especificidad sobre insectos. El análisis morfológico presento variación y similitud en sus características, perteneciendo los aislados a la especie B. brongniartii. El análisis fisiológico determino diferencias en conidiación, sobresaliendo el Bbr5 (5.95 x 107 c ml-1), y sin diferencias las variables crecimiento radial (TDCR) y germinación, con superioridad no significativa de Bbr2 (39.20 mm y 1.91 mm día-1) y Bbr5 (94.20 %). La investigación realizada aporta resultados positivos ya que al caracterizar los aislamientos nativos de B. brongniartii a partir de insectos infectados, se confirma el potencial de la especie para realizar a futuro la caracterización patogénica en la obtención de cepas promisorias para el control biológico de plagas en la región.
The fungus Beauveria brongniartii has pathogenic activity on various insects in the Andean agroecosystem. However, studies in this field are scarce in the country. The objective of this study was to characterize morphologically and physiologically native isolates of the fungus, from insects infected in the field, at the Choquenaira Experimental Station, Viacha - Bolivia. Parasitized insects were collected from the field, isolated and characterized under morphological and physiological criteria in the laboratory. The variables evaluated were: analysis of isolates obtained, macroscopic morphological characteristics (growth, appearance, color, surface, pigmentation and synemas) and microscopic (hyphae, conidiophores, phialides, rachis, conidia) and physiological measurements (growth, conidiation and germination). Descriptive (morphological characters) and statistical (physiological characters) analysis was performed under complete randomized design, with ANVA, Duncan test, standard deviation (error ≤ 5 %). Five isolates were obtained from the hosts Phyllophaga sp., Premnotrypes sp (2), Astylus vittaticollis, Notiobia sp. (Bbr1, Bbr2, Bbr3, Bbr4 and Bbr5), denoting their adaptability, range and specificity on insects. The morphological analysis showed variation and similarity in their characteristics, the isolates belonging to the species B. brongniartii. The physiological analysis determined differences in conidiation, with Bbr5 standing out (5.95 x 107 c ml-1), and without differences in the variables radial growth (TDCR) and germination, with non-significant superiority of Bbr2 (39.20 mm and 1.91 mm day-1) and Bbr5 (94.20 %). The research carried out provides positive results since characterizing native isolates of B. brongniartii from infected insects confirms the potential of the species for future pathogenic characterization to obtain promising strains for the biological control of pests in the region.
The fungus Beauveria brongniartii has pathogenic activity on various insects in the Andean agroecosystem. However, studies in this field are scarce in the country. The objective of this study was to characterize morphologically and physiologically native isolates of the fungus, from insects infected in the field, at the Choquenaira Experimental Station, Viacha - Bolivia. Parasitized insects were collected from the field, isolated and characterized under morphological and physiological criteria in the laboratory. The variables evaluated were: analysis of isolates obtained, macroscopic morphological characteristics (growth, appearance, color, surface, pigmentation and synemas) and microscopic (hyphae, conidiophores, phialides, rachis, conidia) and physiological measurements (growth, conidiation and germination). Descriptive (morphological characters) and statistical (physiological characters) analysis was performed under complete randomized design, with ANVA, Duncan test, standard deviation (error ≤ 5 %). Five isolates were obtained from the hosts Phyllophaga sp., Premnotrypes sp (2), Astylus vittaticollis, Notiobia sp. (Bbr1, Bbr2, Bbr3, Bbr4 and Bbr5), denoting their adaptability, range and specificity on insects. The morphological analysis showed variation and similarity in their characteristics, the isolates belonging to the species B. brongniartii. The physiological analysis determined differences in conidiation, with Bbr5 standing out (5.95 x 107 c ml-1), and without differences in the variables radial growth (TDCR) and germination, with non-significant superiority of Bbr2 (39.20 mm and 1.91 mm day-1) and Bbr5 (94.20 %). The research carried out provides positive results since characterizing native isolates of B. brongniartii from infected insects confirms the potential of the species for future pathogenic characterization to obtain promising strains for the biological control of pests in the region.
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Vol. 11, No. 3