Efecto de un programa de neurorrehabilitación pediátrica en las actividades motoras gruesas de bebés prematuros
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Vive Rev. Salud
Abstract
La prematuridad trae complicaciones neuromotoras por la inmadurez del sistema nervioso; aunque es importante la intervención temprana, la evidencia científica es limitada sobre la efectividad de programas de neurorrehabilitación pediátrica. Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de un programa de neurorrehabilitación pediátrica en las actividades motoras gruesas de bebés prematuros. Materiales y métodos: Estudio pre-experimental realizado en 33 bebés prematuros de 4 a 12 meses de edad corregida atendidos en el Hospital Carlos Alberto Seguin Escobedo (HNCASE) entre marzo a mayo de 2024. El programa contó con 12 sesiones de terapia kinética de control, aprendizaje y desarrollo motor, cuyo efecto se midió con la aplicación de la Escala Motora del Infante de Alberta pre y post implementación del programa. Resultados: La mayoría de los bebes tenía edades de 4 a 6 meses (54.5%), masculinos (51.5%), prematuridad entre 30 a 37 semanas gestacionales (57.6%). Al inicio, la evaluación motora gruesa evidenció que la mayoría presentó riesgo de retraso de desarrollo motor (39.4%) y desarrollo motor grueso inadecuado (36.4%). Tras la aplicación del programa, la mayoría pasó a tener un adecuado desarrollo motor grueso (51.5%); además, dicha variación fue significativa (p=0.001). Conclusiones: El programa tiene efecto positivo al mejorar el rendimiento motor grueso en actividades de posición prono, supino, sedente y bípedo de bebes prematuros.
Prematurity brings neuromotor complications due to the immaturity of the nervous system; although early intervention is important, scientific evidence is limited on the effectiveness of pediatric neurorehabilitation programs. Objective: To determine the effect of a pediatric neurorehabilitation program on gross motor activities in premature infants. Materials and methods: Pre-experimental study carried out in 33 premature infants from 4 to 12 months of corrected age attended at the Carlos Alberto Seguin Escobedo Hospital (HNCASE) from March to May 2024. The program included 12 sessions of kinesthetic therapy of control, learning and motor development, whose effect was measured with the application of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale pre and post implementation of the program. Results: The majority of children were aged 4 to 6 months (54.5%), male (51.5%), prematurity between 30 to 37 weeks gestation (57.6%). At baseline, the gross motor assessment showed that most of them were at risk of delayed motor development (39.4%) and inadequate gross motor development (36.4%). After the application of the program, most went on to have adequate gross motor development (51.5%); moreover, such variation was significant (p=0.001). Conclusions: The program has positive effect in improving gross motor performance in prone, supine, sitting and bipedal activities of preterm infants.
Prematurity brings neuromotor complications due to the immaturity of the nervous system; although early intervention is important, scientific evidence is limited on the effectiveness of pediatric neurorehabilitation programs. Objective: To determine the effect of a pediatric neurorehabilitation program on gross motor activities in premature infants. Materials and methods: Pre-experimental study carried out in 33 premature infants from 4 to 12 months of corrected age attended at the Carlos Alberto Seguin Escobedo Hospital (HNCASE) from March to May 2024. The program included 12 sessions of kinesthetic therapy of control, learning and motor development, whose effect was measured with the application of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale pre and post implementation of the program. Results: The majority of children were aged 4 to 6 months (54.5%), male (51.5%), prematurity between 30 to 37 weeks gestation (57.6%). At baseline, the gross motor assessment showed that most of them were at risk of delayed motor development (39.4%) and inadequate gross motor development (36.4%). After the application of the program, most went on to have adequate gross motor development (51.5%); moreover, such variation was significant (p=0.001). Conclusions: The program has positive effect in improving gross motor performance in prone, supine, sitting and bipedal activities of preterm infants.
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Vol. 7, No. 21