ESPECIES REACTIVAS DE OXÍGENO, IMPORTANCIA E IMPLICACIÓN PATOLÓGICA
Date
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rev Cient Cienc Méd
Abstract
El oxígeno (molécula indispensable para los organismos aerobios) es estudiado ampliamente por su papel en la fisiología y fisiopatología de distintas enfermedades, constituyendo una parte fundamental en el conocimiento médico. El objetivo de este trabajo se basa en describir el papel de las especies reactivas de oxígeno, su importancia, regulación y consecuencias en el organismo. Se obtuvo información a través de las bases de datos de Google academics, Frontiers, Research gate, Karger, ScienceDirect, PubMed, incluyendo aquellos con evidencia científica de nivel II, que comparen la funcionalidad en un entorno patológico de las especies reactivas y la respuesta orgánica en el organismo humano. Las especies reactivas de oxígeno son productos del metabolismo diario de nuestro organismo, tienen un papel importante en muchos procesos fisiológicos necesarios para la supervivencia de las células; su producción también puede ser estimulada en estados patológicos donde la capacidad del organismo y sus sistemas antioxidantes deben mantener un equilibrio para evitar un posterior daño por exceso de estas especies reactivas, que pueden desatar más daño aún abarcando desde macromoléculas e incluso llegando a nivel genético. Desde diferentes niveles celulares se puede desencadenar una pérdida del equilibrio ante el estrés oxidativo, parte de la base molecular del inicio de diferentes complicaciones. La inclusión de antioxidantes exógenos podría asegurar la mantención del equilibrio especie reactiva de oxígeno/antioxidante. Se concluyo que el equilibrio dado por diferentes mecanismos celulares ante el estrés oxidativo, podría perderse llegando a causar un daño irreversible, por lo que nuestra visión acerca del daño causado por distintas entidades patológicas debe extenderse a un punto más molecular, ayudando en su desenlace y previniendo complicaciones.
Oxygen, an essential molecule for aerobic organisms, is widely studied for its role in the physiology and pathophysiology of different diseases, constituting a fundamental part of medical knowledge. Describe the role of reactive oxygen species, its importance, regulation and consequences in the body. Information was obtained through the databases of Google academics, Frontiers, Research gate, Karger, ScienceDirect, PubMed, including those with level II scientific evidence, which compare the functionality in a pathological environment of reactive species and the organic response in the human organism. Reactive oxygen species are products of the daily metabolism of our body, have an important role in many physiological processes necessary for the survival of cells, can also be stimulated its production in pathological states where the capacity of the body and its antioxidant systems must maintain a balance to avoid further damage by excess of these reactive species, which can unleash more damage even ranging from macromolecules and even reaching the genetic level. From different cellular levels, a loss of balance can be triggered by oxidative stress, which is part of the molecular basis for the onset of different complications. The inclusion of exogenous antioxidants could ensure the maintenance of the balance ERO / antioxidant. The balance given by different cellular mechanisms before the oxidative stress, could be lost causing an irreversible damage, so our vision about the damage caused by different pathological entities must be extended to a more molecular point, helping in its outcome and preventing complications.
Oxygen, an essential molecule for aerobic organisms, is widely studied for its role in the physiology and pathophysiology of different diseases, constituting a fundamental part of medical knowledge. Describe the role of reactive oxygen species, its importance, regulation and consequences in the body. Information was obtained through the databases of Google academics, Frontiers, Research gate, Karger, ScienceDirect, PubMed, including those with level II scientific evidence, which compare the functionality in a pathological environment of reactive species and the organic response in the human organism. Reactive oxygen species are products of the daily metabolism of our body, have an important role in many physiological processes necessary for the survival of cells, can also be stimulated its production in pathological states where the capacity of the body and its antioxidant systems must maintain a balance to avoid further damage by excess of these reactive species, which can unleash more damage even ranging from macromolecules and even reaching the genetic level. From different cellular levels, a loss of balance can be triggered by oxidative stress, which is part of the molecular basis for the onset of different complications. The inclusion of exogenous antioxidants could ensure the maintenance of the balance ERO / antioxidant. The balance given by different cellular mechanisms before the oxidative stress, could be lost causing an irreversible damage, so our vision about the damage caused by different pathological entities must be extended to a more molecular point, helping in its outcome and preventing complications.
Description
Vol. 24, No. 2