Saqueos y autodefensa. Impacto social en chile post terremoto
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Ajayu
Abstract
Los saqueos y la autodefensa de los barrios, ocurridos en Chile posterior al terremoto del 27/F, están relacionados y son gatillados por situaciones de crisis como la producida por el desastre. La dificultad de las autoridades para responder a las necesidades de la población junto a información "alarmista" entregada por los medios de comunicación contribuyeron a generar una sensación de inseguridad y vulnerabilidad. Se acentúa la dinámica endo y exo grupo. Tanto entre los que saquearon como entre los que se autodefendieron aparece un "otro" peligroso que se corresponde con los estereotipos asociados a la pobreza. Por otra parte, la desigualdad social y la búsqueda de status contribuyen a que se viva el saqueo como un acto de reparación social, en el que participan personas de distintas clases sociales. Por tanto, el contexto social pre desastre asociado a un modelo económico neoliberal favorece la violencia social expresada en estos fenómenos.
Both looting and self defense occurred in Chile alter the 27/F earthquake are related to and triggered by crisis situations, like that one produced by the disaster. The difficulty of the authorities in order to respond the population needs, along the "alarmist" information provided by the mass media contributed to generate a sensation of insecurity and vulnerability. Both endo and exo group dynamics is enhanced. Among those who plundered as well as among who defended themselves as a dangerous "other" that is corresponded to the stereotypes associated to poverty. On the other hand, social inequity and the search for status contribute that looting is perceived as a social restoration act in which people from different social classes are involved. Therefore the pre-disaster social context associated to a neoliberal economic model favours the social violence expressed in these phenomena.
Both looting and self defense occurred in Chile alter the 27/F earthquake are related to and triggered by crisis situations, like that one produced by the disaster. The difficulty of the authorities in order to respond the population needs, along the "alarmist" information provided by the mass media contributed to generate a sensation of insecurity and vulnerability. Both endo and exo group dynamics is enhanced. Among those who plundered as well as among who defended themselves as a dangerous "other" that is corresponded to the stereotypes associated to poverty. On the other hand, social inequity and the search for status contribute that looting is perceived as a social restoration act in which people from different social classes are involved. Therefore the pre-disaster social context associated to a neoliberal economic model favours the social violence expressed in these phenomena.
Description
Vol. 12, No. 2