Representatividad partidaria en la era de la democracia de lo público. Las contradicciones de la reforma política en América Latina: el caso de las internas presidenciales
Abstract
En el presente trabajo se analizan las posibles consecuencias de la implementación de internas abiertas para seleccionar a los candidatos presidenciales, en el marco de una reforma integral realizada en Latinoamérica, tendiente a adaptar los partidos al nuevo contexto de la ʻDemocracia de la audiencia'. Con este fin, se empleará una perspectiva metodológica comparada entre partidos de México, Chile, Uruguay, Bolivia y Argentina. Sostendremos que esta práctica fue introducida con el objetivo de acrecentar la capacidad de los partidos para representar intereses e incrementar sus bases de legitimación popular. No obstante, procuraremos mostrar que, contrariamente al propósito original, las primarias abiertas generan una excesiva personalización de la representación y promueven enfrentamientos fratricidas que erosionan las bases del juego político, impidiendo que sea el partido el que vehiculice las demandas surgidas en el seno de la sociedad civil.
The present work analyzes the possible consequences of implementing open primaries when selecting presidential candidates, within the framework of an integral reform taking place in Latin America which was intended to adapt parties to the new context of the ʻAudience Democracy'. With this aim, we will use a comparative methodological perspective to compare the parties of Mexico, Chile, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina. We hold that this practice was introduced with the aim of increasing the ability of the parties to represent their interests and enlarge their foundation of popular legitimacy. Nevertheless, we intend to show that contrary to the original purpose, open primaries generate excessive personalization of the representation and promote fratricidal encounters which erode the foundations of the political game, preventing the party from responding to the demands originated by society.
The present work analyzes the possible consequences of implementing open primaries when selecting presidential candidates, within the framework of an integral reform taking place in Latin America which was intended to adapt parties to the new context of the ʻAudience Democracy'. With this aim, we will use a comparative methodological perspective to compare the parties of Mexico, Chile, Uruguay, Bolivia and Argentina. We hold that this practice was introduced with the aim of increasing the ability of the parties to represent their interests and enlarge their foundation of popular legitimacy. Nevertheless, we intend to show that contrary to the original purpose, open primaries generate excessive personalization of the representation and promote fratricidal encounters which erode the foundations of the political game, preventing the party from responding to the demands originated by society.
Description
Vol. 10, No. 11