Aplicación del modelo Rothermel a la gestión de riesgo de incendio en la región de la Chiquitanía, Santa Cruz Bolivia
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RevActaNova.
Abstract
En el presente estudio se trata de plantear el modelo Rothermel de propagación de incendios para utilizarlo en la región de la Chiquitania, Santa Cruz-Bolivia, muy afectada en los últimos años por incendios forestales, en particular en regiones que son reservas naturales. Este modelo es muy utilizado en las montañas Rocallosas en Estados Unidos siendo un componente muy importante de la Gestión Integrada de Incendios Forestales. Se desarrolló este modelo con la intención de que posteriormente forme parte de la gestión integrada de incendios en la Chiquitania, además de tener una biblioteca en versión Beta que calcule el índice de Quema, uno de los principales índices que se obtienen a partir de este mismo modelo. El modelo a pesar de su relativa complejidad, tiene una utilidad bastante marcada en la prevención y mitigación de catástrofes ambientales generadas por los incendios forestales, a pesar de requerir una gran cantidad de datos hay bastante investigación sobre este modelo, que ha sido aplicado en muchas partes del mundo, en particular en las montañas Rocallosas en EEUU y Canadá, en la gestión de riesgos de incendio. Se revisó la literatura sobre este modelo y se aplicó a incendios tipo superficie; a partir de ello se generó un código en Python en versión Beta que tiene la capacidad de obtener uno de los índices más importantes, como ser el índice de quema (Burning índex, en Ingles) el cual utiliza como base de cálculo las formulaciones de Rothermel.
The present study tries to propose the Rothermel model of fire propagation to be used in the Chiquitania region, Santa Cruz-Bolivia, which has been heavily affected in recent years by forest fires, particularly in regions that are natural reserves. This model is widely used in the Rocky Mountains in the United States and is a very important component of Integrated Forest Fire Management. This model was developed with the intention that it later become part of the integrated fire management in Chiquitania, in addition to having a Beta versión library that calculates the Burning Index, one of the main índices obtained from this same model. Despite its relative complexity, the model has a fairly marked utility in the prevention and mitigation of environmental catastrophes generated by forest fires, despite requiring a large amount of data there is a lot of research on this model, which has been applied in many parts of the world, particularly the Rocky Mountains in the US and Canada, on fire risk management. The literature on this model was reviewed and its application for surface-type fires is thoroughly explained; From this, a Beta versión Python code was generated that has the ability to obtain one of the most important Índices, such as the Burning índex, which uses Rothermel's formulations as the basis of calculation.
The present study tries to propose the Rothermel model of fire propagation to be used in the Chiquitania region, Santa Cruz-Bolivia, which has been heavily affected in recent years by forest fires, particularly in regions that are natural reserves. This model is widely used in the Rocky Mountains in the United States and is a very important component of Integrated Forest Fire Management. This model was developed with the intention that it later become part of the integrated fire management in Chiquitania, in addition to having a Beta versión library that calculates the Burning Index, one of the main índices obtained from this same model. Despite its relative complexity, the model has a fairly marked utility in the prevention and mitigation of environmental catastrophes generated by forest fires, despite requiring a large amount of data there is a lot of research on this model, which has been applied in many parts of the world, particularly the Rocky Mountains in the US and Canada, on fire risk management. The literature on this model was reviewed and its application for surface-type fires is thoroughly explained; From this, a Beta versión Python code was generated that has the ability to obtain one of the most important Índices, such as the Burning índex, which uses Rothermel's formulations as the basis of calculation.
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Vol. 10, No. 1