Cien años de octubre 1917: las revoluciones como rutas ambiguas y costosas
Abstract
A partir de modelos interpretativos sociológicos e históricos comparativos, este artículo plantea que la Revolución Rusa (analizada en relación a fenómenos similares ocurridos en Francia, China y otros países) está completamente agotada como modelo histórico de transformación política y social. Asimismo, sostiene que las fuerzas de izquierda ya no pueden seguir impulsando las creencias revolucionarias porque éstas quedaron atrapadas en el descrédito y las decepciones de la historia. La Revolución Rusa degeneró en ficciones ideológicas, haciendo ver que la lucha armada puede terminar en fracasos que, históricamente, traen un alto costo humano y pocos beneficios de transformación realmente valiosa. Su final desaparición con el derrumbe del Muro de Berlín provocó además la aparición de una versión posmoderna de socialismo en el sigo XXI de carácter cínico, electoralista y corrupto. El artículo termina aseverando que la dicotomía izquierda-derecha ha perdido vigencia ante la emergencia de los actuales problemas medioambientales, climáticos, étnicos y religiosos.
Drawing upon sociological and historical interpretative frameworks, this article establishes that the Russian Revolution (which is analyzed in comparison with other similar processes that occurred in France, China, and other countries) is completed exhausted as a historical model of social and political transformation. It is argued that political forces from the left are unable to keep supporting revolutionary believes because they were trapped in the middle of discredit and historical disappointments. The Russian Revolution degenerated in ideological fictions, making us see that the armed struggle could end in big failures, which historically bring about a high human cost and few benefits of valuable transformation. Its final disappearance with the fall of the Berlin Wall, activated the emergence of a postmodern version of Socialism in the Twenty First Century, which is more cynical, vote-catching and corrupt. The article finishes stating that the dichotomy left-right is useless and obsolete in front of the emergence of new challenges such as the threats against the environment, climate change, ethnic and religious conflicts.
Drawing upon sociological and historical interpretative frameworks, this article establishes that the Russian Revolution (which is analyzed in comparison with other similar processes that occurred in France, China, and other countries) is completed exhausted as a historical model of social and political transformation. It is argued that political forces from the left are unable to keep supporting revolutionary believes because they were trapped in the middle of discredit and historical disappointments. The Russian Revolution degenerated in ideological fictions, making us see that the armed struggle could end in big failures, which historically bring about a high human cost and few benefits of valuable transformation. Its final disappearance with the fall of the Berlin Wall, activated the emergence of a postmodern version of Socialism in the Twenty First Century, which is more cynical, vote-catching and corrupt. The article finishes stating that the dichotomy left-right is useless and obsolete in front of the emergence of new challenges such as the threats against the environment, climate change, ethnic and religious conflicts.
Description
Vol. 21, No. 38