Detección, tipificación y carga viral del virus papiloma humano asociado a lesiones preinvasoras de cervix. Detection, typification and viral load of the human papiloma virus associated with cervix pre-invasive injuries

Abstract

High-risk human papillomavirus (HRHPV) is linked to cervical cancer. A clinical, epidemiological, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in sexually active women over 15 years of age at the Autonomous Institute Hospital Universitario de Los Andes (IAHULA) in Merida - Venezuela, to detect the frequency of infection by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), genotyping in groups of high and low oncogenic risk, semi-quantifying the viral load and relating this variable with the cytological and colposcopic report, using hybrid capture 2 (Digene®). The women signed an informed consent, and the protocol was evaluated by an ethics committee. 53/394 (13.5%) women tested positive for HPV infection. 43 had HRHPV (81%), and 10 (19%) had low-risk HPV (LRHPV). Viral load was quantified in 39 women with HRHPV. 66.67% presented negative cytological results for intraepithelial lesions and / or malignancy, despite the fact that 46.16% of these patients showed moderate and high viral loads. 30.77% showed positive cytologies for low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), with 66.66% showing moderate and high viral loads. 58.98% of these patients presented abnormal colposcopic results. 56.42% DZT (Within the transformation zone), 2.56% ZINCN (Iodine negative zone of net contours), the patients with DZT showed 59.09% moderate and high viral loads. Despite having found predominantly moderate and high viral loads in patients with LSIL, and colposcopic lesions, they were not statistically significant, so it is necessary to elucidate the definitive role of this finding.