ELABORACIÓN Y ESTANDARIZACIÓN DE LA SOLUCIÓN ALSEVER MODIFICADA PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN DE ERITROCITOS HUMANOS EN CONDICIONES DE ALTITUD EN LA CIUDAD DE LA PAZ, BOLIVIA
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Cuad. - Hosp. Clín.
Abstract
En el laboratorio de inmunohematología, la preparación de glóbulos rojos es crucial para validar diversos procedimientos de fenotipificación de grupos sanguíneos. La conservación de eritrocitos en solución fisiológica puede reducir el ATP en un 80-90%1, lo que provoca cambios morfológicos y el aumento la fragilidad osmótica. La solución Alsever, un anticoagulante y conservante salino isotónico, utilizado en diversas disciplinas, pero por su alto costo y falta de disponibilidad en el país motivan la necesidad de su preparación y estandarización en los laboratorios locales. OBJETIVOS: Preparar y evaluar la efectividad de la solución Alsever modificada en la conservación de eritrocitos humanos de distinto grupo sanguíneo en condiciones de altitud en La Paz, Bolivia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos con 10 donantes de sangre aleatorios del grupo sanguíneo A, B y O con grupo de control. Se evaluó la supervivencia de eritrocitos en dos grupos: uno en solución Alsever modificada y otro en solución fisiológica al 0.9%. Los paneles se prepararon a una concentración de eritrocitos al 3% en ambas soluciones. Se llevaron a cabo pruebas fisicoquímicas, hematológicas, de hemólisis, hemaglutinación y pH, utilizando equipos automatizados y analizando los resultados a diferentes tiempos de conservación. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados mostraron que la solución Alsever modificada conserva los eritrocitos por hasta 42 días, superando el tiempo de conservación de la solución fisiológica. Además, se estableció un protocolo para la preparación de células eritrocitarias de fenotipo conocido, lo que mejora los procedimientos de hemaglutinación. Este estudio respalda la efectividad de la solución Alsever modificada en regiones de gran altitud.
In the immunohematology laboratory, red blood cell preparation is crucial to validate various blood group phenotyping procedures. Preservation of red cells in physiological solution can reduce ATP by 80-90%1, leading to morphological changes and increased osmotic fragility. Alsever solution, an anticoagulant and isotonic saline preservative, is used in various disciplines, but due to its high cost and lack of availability in the country, it is necessary to prepare and standardize it in local laboratories. OBJECTIVES: To prepare and evaluate the effectiveness of modified Alsever solution in the preservation of human erythrocytes of different blood groups under altitude conditions in La Paz, Bolivia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series study was conducted with 10 random blood donors with blood types A, B, and O, with a control group. Erythrocyte survival was evaluated in two groups: one in modified Alsever solution and the other in 0.9% physiological solution. Panels were prepared at a concentration of 3% erythrocytes in both solutions. Physicochemical, hematological, hemolysis, hemagglutination and pH tests were carried out using automated equipment and the results analyzed at different storage times. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the modified Alsever solution preserves erythrocytes for up to 42 days, exceeding the preservation time of physiological solution. In addition, a protocol for the preparation of erythrocyte cells of known phenotype was established, which improves hemagglutination procedures. This study supports the effectiveness of the modified Alsever solution in high altitude regions.
In the immunohematology laboratory, red blood cell preparation is crucial to validate various blood group phenotyping procedures. Preservation of red cells in physiological solution can reduce ATP by 80-90%1, leading to morphological changes and increased osmotic fragility. Alsever solution, an anticoagulant and isotonic saline preservative, is used in various disciplines, but due to its high cost and lack of availability in the country, it is necessary to prepare and standardize it in local laboratories. OBJECTIVES: To prepare and evaluate the effectiveness of modified Alsever solution in the preservation of human erythrocytes of different blood groups under altitude conditions in La Paz, Bolivia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A case series study was conducted with 10 random blood donors with blood types A, B, and O, with a control group. Erythrocyte survival was evaluated in two groups: one in modified Alsever solution and the other in 0.9% physiological solution. Panels were prepared at a concentration of 3% erythrocytes in both solutions. Physicochemical, hematological, hemolysis, hemagglutination and pH tests were carried out using automated equipment and the results analyzed at different storage times. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that the modified Alsever solution preserves erythrocytes for up to 42 days, exceeding the preservation time of physiological solution. In addition, a protocol for the preparation of erythrocyte cells of known phenotype was established, which improves hemagglutination procedures. This study supports the effectiveness of the modified Alsever solution in high altitude regions.
Description
Vol. 66, No. 1