Efecto de la temperatura y precipitacion sobre la agricultura en la cuenca Coata-Puno, Perú
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
RESUMEN: El cambio climático viene alterando las condiciones del clima en la cuenca del río Coata, siendo las temperaturas extremas y las precipitaciones pluviales las variables más sensibles; por ende, se investiga el efecto de la temperatura y precipitación sobre la agricultura en la cuenca Coata, con el objetivo de evaluar el comportamiento de las variables climáticas durante el periodo 2015-2016 y su efecto en la actividad agrícola del altiplano. Para tal efecto se ha trabajado con las series históricas de temperaturas extremas y precipitaciones pluviales de 48 años de las estaciones meteorológicas seleccionadas en base a tres criterios: longitud de las series, estaciones con datos faltantes y por la consistencia. Esta serie fueron sistematizada, corregidas y completadas en base al análisis de homogeneidad; con las pruebas no paramétricas y paramétricas se ha determinado las tendencias con niveles de significancia de 0.01, 0.05 y 0.10, y análogamente la información de rendimientos de los cultivos. Los resultados muestran que las temperaturas máximas tienden a incrementar en 0.05ºC anualmente, las temperaturas medias muestran un incremento anual de 0.028ºC con evidencia leve y las mínimas no muestran cambios significativos; mientras que las precipitaciones pluviales tienden a disminuir, y estos generan impactos significativos en los cultivos. Por lo tanto, no hay datos de rendimiento de los cultivos, se concluye que el cambio climático viene afectando a los parámetros de temperaturas y precipitaciones, y esto influye negativamente en el rendimiento de los cultivos del pan llevar.
ABSTRACT: Climate change is altering the local weather conditions; being extreme temperatures and more rainfall sensitive parameters; therefore the impact of climate change on agriculture in the basin Coata, in order to evaluate the performance of climatic variables over the period 2015-2016 and its effect on highland agriculture is investigated. To this end we have worked with time series of extreme temperatures and rainfall 48 years of the nine weather stations selected based on three criteria: length of the series, stations with missing data and consistency. These series were systematized, corrected and completed on the basis of the analysis of homogeneity; with non-parametric and parametric tests it was determined trends with significance levels of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10, and similarly information crop yields. The results show maximum temperatures tend to increase in 0.05ºC annually, average temperatures show an annual increase of 0.028ºC with mild and minimal evidence showing no significant changes; while rainfall tends to decrease, and they generate significant impacts on crops. Therefore, it is concluded that climate change is affecting the parameters of temperature and precipitation, and this adversely affects the crop yield bread out.
ABSTRACT: Climate change is altering the local weather conditions; being extreme temperatures and more rainfall sensitive parameters; therefore the impact of climate change on agriculture in the basin Coata, in order to evaluate the performance of climatic variables over the period 2015-2016 and its effect on highland agriculture is investigated. To this end we have worked with time series of extreme temperatures and rainfall 48 years of the nine weather stations selected based on three criteria: length of the series, stations with missing data and consistency. These series were systematized, corrected and completed on the basis of the analysis of homogeneity; with non-parametric and parametric tests it was determined trends with significance levels of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.10, and similarly information crop yields. The results show maximum temperatures tend to increase in 0.05ºC annually, average temperatures show an annual increase of 0.028ºC with mild and minimal evidence showing no significant changes; while rainfall tends to decrease, and they generate significant impacts on crops. Therefore, it is concluded that climate change is affecting the parameters of temperature and precipitation, and this adversely affects the crop yield bread out.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 14