Producción de forraje verde hidropónico versus geopónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) en ambientes controlados
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J. Selva Andina Biosph.
Abstract
La región central de altiplano boliviano es ganadera, aunque en condiciones climáticas adversas, por la escasez de forraje principalmente en el periodo invernal, que afecta la economía del productor. El estudio se realizó en el invernadero del Centro de Investigación y Producción de Animales Menores (CIPAM), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Naturales-Universidad Técnica de Oruro, con el propósito de evaluar en cosecha la altura y rendimiento de forraje verde hidropónico versus geopónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) variedad IBTA-80, en condiciones de ambiente controlado. La temperatura ambiente fluctuó de 20 a 26 °C, la humedad relativa entre 15.9 a 24.4%. La semilla registró una viabilidad de 85.8±2.2% y se utilizó con una densidad de 10 kg/m². El diseño experimental fue Bloques al Azar con dos tratamientos (hidropónico y geopónico). La producción en hidroponía se realizó con agua sin ninguna solución nutritiva, en el caso del geopónico se puso un sustrato de un centímetro de altura. En la cosecha (10 días) se evaluaron la altura de planta forraje en hidroponía con 23.8±0.31 cm y en geopónico 20.5±0.30 cm, el rendimiento también fue mejor en hidroponía (25.1±0.25 kg/m²) en comparación al geopónico (24.3±0.35 kg/m²), además existe correlación (r = 0.6196) entre la altura y el rendimiento (p < 0.01). La técnica de producción de forraje verde hidropónico se muestra en condiciones de clima adverso una alternativa técnica y económica para la alimentación de ganado.
The central región of the Bolivian highlands is cattle-raising, in adverse climatic conditions, due to the shortage of food mainly in the winter period, which affects the economy of the producer. The study was carried out in the winter of the Center for Research and Production of Small Animáis (CIPAM) of the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences of the UTO, with the purpose of evaluating the height and performance of the hydroponic green geoponic feeding versus barley. (Hordeum vulgare L.) of the IBTA-80 variety under controlled environmental conditions. At room temperature it fluctuated from 20 to 26 ° C, the relative humidity between 15.9 and 24.4%. This produces a viability of 85.8±2.2% and is used with a density of 10 kg / m². The experimental design was the Random Blocks with hydroponic and geoponic treatments. Hydro-ponics production is carried out with water without any nutritional solution, in the case of geoponics if a substrate one centimeter high can be used. In the harvest (10 days) the height of the plant is estimated for hydroponic crops with 23.8 ± 0.31 cm and in geoponic 20.5±0.30 cm; performance also improved in hydroponics (25.1±0.25 kg / m²) compared to geoponics (24.3±0.35 kg / m²), but there is also a correlation (r = 0.6196) between height and performance (p <0.01). The technique of producing hydroponic green fodder changes under adverse climatic conditions as a technical and economical alternative to feed livestock.
The central región of the Bolivian highlands is cattle-raising, in adverse climatic conditions, due to the shortage of food mainly in the winter period, which affects the economy of the producer. The study was carried out in the winter of the Center for Research and Production of Small Animáis (CIPAM) of the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Sciences of the UTO, with the purpose of evaluating the height and performance of the hydroponic green geoponic feeding versus barley. (Hordeum vulgare L.) of the IBTA-80 variety under controlled environmental conditions. At room temperature it fluctuated from 20 to 26 ° C, the relative humidity between 15.9 and 24.4%. This produces a viability of 85.8±2.2% and is used with a density of 10 kg / m². The experimental design was the Random Blocks with hydroponic and geoponic treatments. Hydro-ponics production is carried out with water without any nutritional solution, in the case of geoponics if a substrate one centimeter high can be used. In the harvest (10 days) the height of the plant is estimated for hydroponic crops with 23.8 ± 0.31 cm and in geoponic 20.5±0.30 cm; performance also improved in hydroponics (25.1±0.25 kg / m²) compared to geoponics (24.3±0.35 kg / m²), but there is also a correlation (r = 0.6196) between height and performance (p <0.01). The technique of producing hydroponic green fodder changes under adverse climatic conditions as a technical and economical alternative to feed livestock.
Description
Vol. 7, No. 2