ASOCIACIÓN ENTRE PERIODONTITIS Y CARIES DENTAL CON GRAVEDAD POR COVID-19 EN PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS EN PERÚ
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Rev Cient Cienc Méd
Abstract
Introducción. Estudios asociaron la periodontitis con un mayor riesgo de complicaciones de COVID-19. Se requiere mayor evidencia científica. Objetivo. Establecer la asociación entre Periodontitis y Caries Dental con la gravedad por COVID-19 de pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital nivel III de la ciudad de Iquitos, Perú. Material y Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles, los casos se definieron como 114 pacientes con COVID-19 hospitalizados registrados en UCI, fallecidos y con dependencia de oxígeno al alta. Los controles se definieron como 86 pacientes con COVID-19 hospitalizados, dados de alta sin dependencia de oxígeno. La información se extrajo de historias clínicas electrónicas. La muestra fue probabilística, se incluyeron 200 pacientes desde mayo de 2020 a diciembre de 2021. Se evaluó la prevalencia de Caries Dental con el índice de Caries, Perdidos y Obturados (CPO-D) y la presencia de Periodontitis según el diagnóstico de CIE-10. Resultados. Se evidenció asociaciones significativas entre Periodontitis y gravedad por COVID-19 ajustadas a factores como edad, sexo y comorbilidades, OR 29.00 (8.02-104.80) para todas las complicaciones (casos), OR 2.70 (1.10-6.64) para fallecidos y OR 4.40 (2.21-8.75) para pacientes en UCI. Los pacientes ingresados a UCI presentaron niveles elevados de PCR (P=0.001). El nivel alto de índice CPOD fue significativo (P=0.000) en pacientes que ingresaron a UCI con OR 0.23 (0.12-0.45). Conclusiones. Existe asociación entre periodontitis y la gravedad por COVID-19, la periodontitis se asoció con mayor riesgo de complicaciones de COVID-19, ingreso a UCI y fallecimiento de pacientes hospitalizados. El aumento de niveles de Proteina C Reativa (PCR) se vinculó con el ingreso a UCI.
Introduction. Studies associated periodontitis with an increased risk of complications from COVID-19. More scientific evidence is required. Aim. To establish the association between Periodontitis and Dental Caries with the severity of COVID- 19 in patients hospitalized in a level III hospital in the city of Iquitos, Perú. Material and methods. A case-control study was carried out, cases were defined as 114 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 registered in the ICU, deceased and oxygen dependent at discharge. Controls were defined as 86 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, discharged without oxygen dependence. The information was extracted from electronic medical records. The sample was probabilistic, 200 patients were included from May 2020 to December 2021. The prevalence of Dental Caries was evaluated with the DMFT índex and the presence of Periodontitis according to the ICD-10 diagnosis. Results. Significant associations were found between Periodontitis and COVID-19 severity adjusted for factors such as age, sex, and comorbidities, OR 29.00 (8.02-104.80) for all complications (cases), OR 2.70 (1.10-6.64) for deceased, and OR 4.40 (2.21-8.75) for ICU patients. Patients admitted to the ICU presented elevated CRP levels (P=0.001). The highest level of DMFT índex was significant (P=0.000) in patients admitted to the ICU with OR 0.23 (0.12-0.45). Conclusions. There is an association between periodontitis and the severity of COVID-19, periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of complications from COVID-19, including admission to the ICU and death of hospitalized patients. The increase in CPR levels was associated with admission to the ICU.
Introduction. Studies associated periodontitis with an increased risk of complications from COVID-19. More scientific evidence is required. Aim. To establish the association between Periodontitis and Dental Caries with the severity of COVID- 19 in patients hospitalized in a level III hospital in the city of Iquitos, Perú. Material and methods. A case-control study was carried out, cases were defined as 114 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 registered in the ICU, deceased and oxygen dependent at discharge. Controls were defined as 86 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, discharged without oxygen dependence. The information was extracted from electronic medical records. The sample was probabilistic, 200 patients were included from May 2020 to December 2021. The prevalence of Dental Caries was evaluated with the DMFT índex and the presence of Periodontitis according to the ICD-10 diagnosis. Results. Significant associations were found between Periodontitis and COVID-19 severity adjusted for factors such as age, sex, and comorbidities, OR 29.00 (8.02-104.80) for all complications (cases), OR 2.70 (1.10-6.64) for deceased, and OR 4.40 (2.21-8.75) for ICU patients. Patients admitted to the ICU presented elevated CRP levels (P=0.001). The highest level of DMFT índex was significant (P=0.000) in patients admitted to the ICU with OR 0.23 (0.12-0.45). Conclusions. There is an association between periodontitis and the severity of COVID-19, periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of complications from COVID-19, including admission to the ICU and death of hospitalized patients. The increase in CPR levels was associated with admission to the ICU.
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Vol. 28, No. 1