OLEANANE-TYPE TRITERPENES AND DERIVATIVES FROM SEED COAT OF BOLIVIAN CHENOPODIUM QUINOA GENOTYPE "SALAR"
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Rev. Bol. Quim
Abstract
Bolivia es el primer exportador de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) genotipo "salar" del mundo. En su estado natural las semillas de quinua tienen una cobertura amarga (saponinas), que causan un sabor desagradable. Por esto, la mayor parte de quinua exportada es previamente procesada para separar esta cobertura. Estos residuos de escarificación contienen un alto nivel de saponinas tipo oleanano. De estos residuos, dos triterpenos tipo oleanano fueron encontrados como sapogeninas mayoritarias y sus estructuras fueron identificadas como ácido oleanólico y ácido deoxifitolaccagénico, principalmente en base a técnicas de RMN. Además, dos derivados del ácido oleanólico fueron obtenidos: los ácidos 28-O-metil y 3O-acetiloleanólico. La importancia del contenido ácido oleanólico en estos residuos industriales es discutida.
Bolivia is the first world exporter of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) genotype "salar". In its natural state quinoa has a coating of bitter-tasting (saponins), making it essentially unpalatable. Most of quinoa exported from Bolivia has been processed to remove this coating. These seed coat residues contain a high level of oleanane-type saponins. From those residues two oleanane-type triterpenes were found as the major sapogenins and their structures were identified as: oleanolic acid and deoxyphytolaccagenic acid in base of NMR means. Furthermore, two derivatives of oleanolic acid were obtained: 28-Omethyl and 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid. The importance of oleanolic acid content in this industrial residue is discussed.
Bolivia is the first world exporter of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) genotype "salar". In its natural state quinoa has a coating of bitter-tasting (saponins), making it essentially unpalatable. Most of quinoa exported from Bolivia has been processed to remove this coating. These seed coat residues contain a high level of oleanane-type saponins. From those residues two oleanane-type triterpenes were found as the major sapogenins and their structures were identified as: oleanolic acid and deoxyphytolaccagenic acid in base of NMR means. Furthermore, two derivatives of oleanolic acid were obtained: 28-Omethyl and 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid. The importance of oleanolic acid content in this industrial residue is discussed.
Description
Vol. 22, No. 1