Metodología de la enseñanza del fútbol base, modelos pedagógicos y desafíos: una revisión sistemática
Abstract
La enseñanza del deporte desarrolla disciplina, trabajo en equipo y resiliencia, fundamentales para la formación integral de niños y jóvenes. El objetivo del presente artículo fue describir el estado de las investigaciones sobre los principales modelos pedagógicos aplicados en la enseñanza del fútbol base y los retos que emergen en su implementación. La metodología utilizada fue una revisión sistemática cualitativa, se seleccionaron 17 artículos comprendidos entre 2021 y 2025, usando el método PRISMA. Los hallazgos evidencian que el Modelo Tactical Games Approach y los métodos analítico, global y mixto son altamente efectivos para este deporte, promoviendo la toma de decisiones y el aprendizaje activo mediante contextos adaptados. Se subraya la importancia de entrenamientos estructurados, inclusivos y culturalmente sensibles, que integren herramientas digitales y fomenten valores comunitarios. Se concluye que la cooperación entre entrenadores y padres, junto a la investigación interdisciplinaria, es clave para una formación deportiva integral que combine aspectos técnicos, pedagógicos y sociales.
Sports teaching develops discipline, teamwork, and resilience, which are essential for the comprehensive development of children and young people. The objective of this article was to describe the state of research on the main pedagogical models applied in grassroots football teaching and the challenges that arise in their implementation. The methodology used was a qualitative systematic review, selecting 17 articles from 2021 to 2025, using the PRISMA method. The findings show that the Tactical Games Approach Model and the analytical, global, and mixed methods are highly effective for this sport, promoting decision-making and active learning through adapted contexts. The importance of structured, inclusive, and culturally sensitive training that integrates digital tools and fosters community values is emphasized. It is concluded that cooperation between coaches and parents, along with interdisciplinary research, is key to comprehensive sports training that combines technical, pedagogical, and social aspects.
Sports teaching develops discipline, teamwork, and resilience, which are essential for the comprehensive development of children and young people. The objective of this article was to describe the state of research on the main pedagogical models applied in grassroots football teaching and the challenges that arise in their implementation. The methodology used was a qualitative systematic review, selecting 17 articles from 2021 to 2025, using the PRISMA method. The findings show that the Tactical Games Approach Model and the analytical, global, and mixed methods are highly effective for this sport, promoting decision-making and active learning through adapted contexts. The importance of structured, inclusive, and culturally sensitive training that integrates digital tools and fosters community values is emphasized. It is concluded that cooperation between coaches and parents, along with interdisciplinary research, is key to comprehensive sports training that combines technical, pedagogical, and social aspects.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 13
Keywords
Fútbol base, Metodologías inclusivas, Modelo analítico, Modelo global, Modelo mixto, Modelo Tactical Games Approach, Grassroots football, Inclusive methodologies, analytical model, Global model, Mixed model, Tactical Games Approach model, Futebol de base, Metodologias inclusivas, Modelo analítico, Modelo global, Modelo misto, Modelo de Abordagem dos Jogos Táticos