Práctica laboral investigativa como instrumento de retroalimentación del proceso formativo académico
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Investigación y Negocios
Abstract
Los procesos formativos requieren de retroalimentación constante a partir de las diferentes acciones que se dan desde la ejecución de los programas académicos, en tal sentido, el presente estudio aborda la relación entre la ejecución de las prácticas laborales efectuadas por los egresados de la carrera de Contaduría Pública en la Universidad de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca y su efecto para retroalimentar y mejorar el programa formativo. Lo anterior hace importante reconocer las acciones que se apuestan desde el programa académico concentrados en lo analítico, práctico mediante los estudios de caso y tutorías impartidas por los docentes, sobre todo en un contexto donde la contabilidad en instituciones públicas y privadas es altamente dinámica debido a las actualizaciones constantes de normas, procedimientos y reglamentaciones, surge la necesidad de que estos cambios se reflejen en los contenidos y enfoques formativos de la carrera. Metodológicamente es un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo bajo un tipo de investigación aplicada con diseño no experimental y transversal puesto que la recogida de datos se da en un momento único. Se diseñó una encuesta aplicada a docentes y estudiantes para determinar la percepción sobre las variables de estudio focalizadas. Los resultados demuestran que la institución universitaria si ha generado planes de capacitación, pero sin mecanismos de verificación debido a la generalidad de los programas analíticos y la falta de seguimiento a las prácticas y estudios de caso particulares. Además, se identificó un porcentaje significativo de docentes que muestran resistencia a la actualización de contenidos, lo que dificulta el proceso de mejora continua. Por otra parte, los estudiantes manifestaron que es necesaria la actualización de los programas académicos, a pesar de que expresan conformidad con la enseñanza actual, sin embargo, reconoce la importancia de fortalecer el proceso formativo a través de la retroalimentación de las prácticas laborales de los egresados.
Summary The training processes require constant feedback from the different actions that occur from the execution of the academic programs, in this sense, the present study addresses the relationship between the execution of the work practices carried out by the graduates of the Public Accounting career at the University of San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca and its effect to provide feedback and improve the training program. This makes it important to recognize the actions that are committed from the academic program focused on the analytical, practical through case studies and tutorials given by teachers, especially in a context where accounting in public and private institutions is highly dynamic due to the constant updates of rules, procedures and regulations. The need arises for these changes to be reflected in the contents and training approaches of the career. Methodologically, it is a quantitative study under a type of applied research with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, since data collection occurs at a single time. A survey was designed to teachers and students to determine their perception of the focused study variables. The results show that the university institution has generated training plans, but without verification mechanisms due to the generality of the analytical programs and the lack of follow-up to practices and particular case studies. In addition, a significant percentage of teachers were identified who show resistance to updating content, which hinders the process of continuous improvement. On the other hand, the students stated that it is necessary to update the academic programs, although they express agreement with the current teaching, however, they recognize the importance of strengthening the training process through feedback on the work practices of the graduates.
Summary The training processes require constant feedback from the different actions that occur from the execution of the academic programs, in this sense, the present study addresses the relationship between the execution of the work practices carried out by the graduates of the Public Accounting career at the University of San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca and its effect to provide feedback and improve the training program. This makes it important to recognize the actions that are committed from the academic program focused on the analytical, practical through case studies and tutorials given by teachers, especially in a context where accounting in public and private institutions is highly dynamic due to the constant updates of rules, procedures and regulations. The need arises for these changes to be reflected in the contents and training approaches of the career. Methodologically, it is a quantitative study under a type of applied research with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, since data collection occurs at a single time. A survey was designed to teachers and students to determine their perception of the focused study variables. The results show that the university institution has generated training plans, but without verification mechanisms due to the generality of the analytical programs and the lack of follow-up to practices and particular case studies. In addition, a significant percentage of teachers were identified who show resistance to updating content, which hinders the process of continuous improvement. On the other hand, the students stated that it is necessary to update the academic programs, although they express agreement with the current teaching, however, they recognize the importance of strengthening the training process through feedback on the work practices of the graduates.
Description
Vol. 18, No. 31