Intervención educativa sobre el papiloma virus humano y calidad de información
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J. Selva Andina Res. Soc.
Abstract
El virus del papiloma humano es una infección de transmisión sexual común, ampliamente difundido a nivel mundial, se le considera como el principal agente para el desarrollo del cáncer cervicouterino. Con el objetivo de mejorar la información sobre la infección por el virus papiloma humano en mujeres mayores de 20 años, se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental de intervención educativa en el consultorio 3 del Policlínico Previsora entre enero de 2023 y abril de 2024. El universo estuvo constituido por 310 mujeres, se seleccionó una muestra de 115, que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Las variables que se analizaron fueron, edad, nivel escolar, conocimiento sobre el papiloma virus humano, los factores de riesgo, las manifestaciones y la prevención. Se empleó la encuesta antes y después de la intervención. El estudio se realizó en 3 fases: diagnóstica, de intervención y una fase evaluativa. Para evaluar la eficacia de la intervención educativa se empleó la prueba de McNemar. Se observó, 44.3 % de las participantes tenían de 20-29 años y más de la mitad nivel escolar preuniversitario. Antes de la intervención educativa predominó un inadecuado nivel de información sobre aspectos de la infección por el papiloma virus humano y de forma general el nivel cognitivo bajo, luego con la intervención se logró elevar el nivel de información. La intervención fue eficaz al modificar conocimientos mediante recursos didácticos participativos y factibles de aplicar en la práctica médica diaria.
The human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection, widely spread worldwide, it is considered the main agent for the development of cervical cancer. With the aim of improving information on human papillomavirus infection in women over 20 years of age, a quasi-experimental educational intervention study was carried out in office 3 of the Previsora Polyclinic between January 2023 and April 2024. The universe was made up of 310 women, a sample of 115 was selected, who met the inclusion criteria. The variables that were analyzed were, age, school level, knowledge about the human papillomavirus, risk factors, manifestations and prevention. The survey was used before and after the intervention. The study was carried out in 3 phases: diagnostic, interventional and an evaluative phase. To evaluate the effectiveness of the educational intervention, the McNemar test was used. It was observed that 44.3% of the participants were between 20-29 years old and more than half of them had a pre-university school level. Before the educational intervention, an inadequate level of information on aspects of human papillomavirus infection predominated, and in general a low cognitive level, then with the intervention it was possible to raise the level of information. The intervention was effective in modifying knowledge through participatory didactic resources that could be applied in daily medical practice.
The human papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection, widely spread worldwide, it is considered the main agent for the development of cervical cancer. With the aim of improving information on human papillomavirus infection in women over 20 years of age, a quasi-experimental educational intervention study was carried out in office 3 of the Previsora Polyclinic between January 2023 and April 2024. The universe was made up of 310 women, a sample of 115 was selected, who met the inclusion criteria. The variables that were analyzed were, age, school level, knowledge about the human papillomavirus, risk factors, manifestations and prevention. The survey was used before and after the intervention. The study was carried out in 3 phases: diagnostic, interventional and an evaluative phase. To evaluate the effectiveness of the educational intervention, the McNemar test was used. It was observed that 44.3% of the participants were between 20-29 years old and more than half of them had a pre-university school level. Before the educational intervention, an inadequate level of information on aspects of human papillomavirus infection predominated, and in general a low cognitive level, then with the intervention it was possible to raise the level of information. The intervention was effective in modifying knowledge through participatory didactic resources that could be applied in daily medical practice.
Description
Vol. 16, No. 2