Trayectoria de la gestión municipal en el Perú: análisis bibliográfico de sus principales enfoques
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Abstract
En el Perú, la gestión municipal enfrenta desafíos como el centralismo, la ineficiencia y la existencia de brechas económicas y sociales, los cuales evidencian problemas de transparencia y ejecución presupuestal. En el presente estudio se analizó 25 artículos comprendidos entre los años 2015 a 2025 utilizando la metodología PRISMA. Esto permitió identificar ocho enfoques principales entre los documentos recuperados, se encontró que los estudios de participación ciudadana y gestión ambiental fueron los más recurrentes mientras que los más escasos estuvieron en torno al enfoque económico. Los hallazgos de este trabajo revelan además que, si bien ha habido importantes avances existen aún brechas entre la teoría y la práctica que se refleja en la baja participación ciudadana, la recentralización y las limitadas capacidades técnicas locales. Con ello, se concluye que una adecuada gestión municipal necesita políticas que integradoras.
In Peru, municipal management faces challenges such as centralism, inefficiency and the existence of economic and social gaps, which show problems of transparency and budget execution. In the present study, 25 articles comprised between the years 2015 to 2025 were analyzed using the PRISMA methodology. This allowed the identification of eight main approaches among the documents retrieved, it was found that studies on citizen participation and environmental management were the most recurrent while the scarcest were around the economic approach. The findings of this work also reveal that, although there have been important advances, there are still gaps between theory and practice that are reflected in low citizen participation, recentralization and limited local technical capacities. Thus, it is concluded that adequate municipal management requires inclusive policies.
In Peru, municipal management faces challenges such as centralism, inefficiency and the existence of economic and social gaps, which show problems of transparency and budget execution. In the present study, 25 articles comprised between the years 2015 to 2025 were analyzed using the PRISMA methodology. This allowed the identification of eight main approaches among the documents retrieved, it was found that studies on citizen participation and environmental management were the most recurrent while the scarcest were around the economic approach. The findings of this work also reveal that, although there have been important advances, there are still gaps between theory and practice that are reflected in low citizen participation, recentralization and limited local technical capacities. Thus, it is concluded that adequate municipal management requires inclusive policies.
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Vol. 5, No. 12