Estudio técnico de la recuperación de un producto comerciable de Zinc mediante desulfatación, dren anóxico calizo y precipitación de las aguas acidas de la mina de Porco PARTE I
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
REV. MAMYM
Abstract
En la operación minera subterránea de Porco, ubicada en el departamento de Potosí, en la parte Noreste de la Provincia de Antonio Quijarro, a unos 4099 msnm; y distante a unos 50 kilómetros de la ciudad, se generan aguas acidas de mina que son permanente evacuadas a un flujo de de 30 litros/segundo y a un pH de 2.4. Entre los principales metales disueltos en estas aguas se encuentran en unidades de miligramos por litro: 9164 de Zn; 2160 de Fe; 36 de Cd; 10.9 de Cu y 0.42 de Pb; además de 12300 de sulfato. Debido al déficit hídrico en la zona, la operación minera mezcla dichas aguas acidas con las colas básicas procedentes del proceso de concentración de minerales, a objeto de neutralizarlas y alcanzar un valor de pH de 4.6; para luego, después de decantarlas en el dique de colas y tratarlas con cal, hasta alcanzar un pH de 12, recircularlas al proceso de flotación. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación se circunscribe a estudiar técnicamente el tratamiento de las aguas acidas de la Mina Porco, mediante un proceso de Desulfatación - Neutralización en Drenes Anóxicos Calizos - Precipitación aereada con cal, a objeto de recuperar el Zn presente en las mismas mediante pruebas a escala laboratorio para su posible aplicación a escala industrial. Los resultados obtenidos en la desulfatación demuestran que es posible lograr disminuir la concentración de sulfato de 12260.37 mg/1 a 1078.49 mg/1, a un pH de 3.0 con la adición de caliza molida; mientras que, en el tratamiento del efluente descargado en un dren anóxico calizo, se determinó que para un tiempo de residencia de 15 horas, la alcalinidad alcanzada fue de 160 mg/ly elpH de descarga fue de 6.5. Finalmente, el efluente de descarga de dicho dren anóxico calizo, permitió obtener por postaereación y adición de cal, un precipitado con contenidos de Zn de hasta 20.88% y con bajos contenidos de otras impureza que requerirá ser sometido a un proceso deshidratación a temperaturas de 627 °C a objeto de obtener ZnO comerciable. Las dimensiones del lecho del Dren Anóxico Calizo para 5 años de operación y para tratar 30 1/seg de agua acida son: Profundidad de 2.5 m; ancho de 17.7 my largo de 88.71 m.
In the underground mining operation of Porco, located in the department of Potosí, in the Northeast part of the Province of Antonio Quijarro, to about 4099 msnm; And distant about 50 kilometers from the city, acid mine waters are generated which are permanently evacuated at a flow of 30 liters / second and at a pH of 2.4. Among the main metáis dissolved in these waters are inunits of milligrams perliter: 9164 of Zn; 2160 of Fe; 36 Cd; 10.9 Cu and 0.42 Pb; In addition to 12300 sulfate. Due to the water déficit in the zone, the mining operation mixes these acid waters with the basic queues coming from the process of concentration of minerals, in order to neutralize them and reach a pH valué of 4.6; Then, after decanting them in the tailings ditch and treating them with lime, until reaching a pH of 12, recirculate them to the flotation process. The objective of the present investigation is limited to the technical study of the treatment of the acid waters of the Porco Mine, by means of a process of Desulphation - Neutralization in Anechoic Calcite Drainage - Precipitation aerated with lime, in order to recover the Zn present in the same Through laboratory-scale tests for possible application on an industrial scale. The results obtained in the desulphation show that it is possible to reduce the sulphate concentration from 12260.37 mg /1 to 1078.49 mg /1, at a pH of 3.0 with the addition of ground limestone; While in the treatment of the effluent discharged in a chalky anoxic drain, it was determined that for a residence time of 15 hours, the achieved alkalinity was 160 mg /1 and the discharge pH was 6.5. Finally, the discharge effluent from the chalky anoxic drainage system allowed to obtain by post-extraction and addition of lime, a precipítate with Zn content of up to 20.88% and with low content of other impurity, which will require to be subjected to a dehydration process at temperatures of 627 ° C in order to obtain tradable ZnO. The dimensions of the Limestone Anechoic Bed for 5 years of operation and to treat 30 1 / sec of acid water are: Depth of 2.5 m; Width of 17.7 m and length of 88.71 m.
In the underground mining operation of Porco, located in the department of Potosí, in the Northeast part of the Province of Antonio Quijarro, to about 4099 msnm; And distant about 50 kilometers from the city, acid mine waters are generated which are permanently evacuated at a flow of 30 liters / second and at a pH of 2.4. Among the main metáis dissolved in these waters are inunits of milligrams perliter: 9164 of Zn; 2160 of Fe; 36 Cd; 10.9 Cu and 0.42 Pb; In addition to 12300 sulfate. Due to the water déficit in the zone, the mining operation mixes these acid waters with the basic queues coming from the process of concentration of minerals, in order to neutralize them and reach a pH valué of 4.6; Then, after decanting them in the tailings ditch and treating them with lime, until reaching a pH of 12, recirculate them to the flotation process. The objective of the present investigation is limited to the technical study of the treatment of the acid waters of the Porco Mine, by means of a process of Desulphation - Neutralization in Anechoic Calcite Drainage - Precipitation aerated with lime, in order to recover the Zn present in the same Through laboratory-scale tests for possible application on an industrial scale. The results obtained in the desulphation show that it is possible to reduce the sulphate concentration from 12260.37 mg /1 to 1078.49 mg /1, at a pH of 3.0 with the addition of ground limestone; While in the treatment of the effluent discharged in a chalky anoxic drain, it was determined that for a residence time of 15 hours, the achieved alkalinity was 160 mg /1 and the discharge pH was 6.5. Finally, the discharge effluent from the chalky anoxic drainage system allowed to obtain by post-extraction and addition of lime, a precipítate with Zn content of up to 20.88% and with low content of other impurity, which will require to be subjected to a dehydration process at temperatures of 627 ° C in order to obtain tradable ZnO. The dimensions of the Limestone Anechoic Bed for 5 years of operation and to treat 30 1 / sec of acid water are: Depth of 2.5 m; Width of 17.7 m and length of 88.71 m.
Description
No. 2