MÁS ALLÁ DEL TAMIZAJE SEROLÓGICO: HALLAZGOS DE HTLV I/II EN DONANTES DEL BANCO DE SANGRE MATERNO INFANTIL CNS DE LA PAZ, BOLIVIA
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rev. Méd. La Paz
Abstract
El virus linfotrópico de células T humanas tipos I y II (HTLV I/II) es un retrovirus perteneciente a la subfamilia de Oncoviridae que, por su patogenicidad puede transmitirse a través de la transfusión de componentes sanguíneos infectados. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo descriptivo de corte transversal, que incluyó a todos los donantes de sangre tamizados para HTLV I/II en el Banco de Sangre Materno Infantil de la Caja Nacional de Salud, ubicado en la ciudad de La Paz, Bolivia, durante el período comprendido entre diciembre de 2023 y agosto de 2024, se analizó un total de 4178 donantes de sangre; identificándose 6 donantes reactivos a HTLV I/II, lo que representa una tasa de reactividad del 0.1435%. Los donantes reactivos comprendieron 3 hombres y 3 mujeres, con edades que oscilaron entre 18 y 56 años. Se observó reactividad en donantes voluntarios y de reposición, abarcando diferentes grupos sanguíneos. Si bien los resultados muestran una tasa baja de reactividad y además de que la información epidemiológica es escasa en Bolivia, particularmente en la ciudad de La Paz, es crucial mantener la vigilancia y realizar pruebas de detección en donantes de sangre para prevenir la transmisión del virus ya que la infección por HTLV I/II representa un riesgo significativo para la seguridad transfusional. Esté estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la frecuencia de donantes reactivos a HTLV I/II en el banco de sangre y analizar las características demográficas y los tipos de donación asociados con la reactividad.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) are retroviruses belonging to the Oncovirinae subfamily. Due to their pathogenic potential, they can be transmitted through transfusion of contaminated blood components. A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, including all blood donors screened for HTLV-I/II at the Maternal and Child Blood Bank of the National Health Fund (Caja Nacional de Salud), located in La Paz, Bolivia, between December 2023 and August 2024. A total of 4,178 blood donors were analyzed, of whom six tested reactive for HTLV-I/II, resulting in a reactivity rate of 0.1435%. These reactive donors included three men and three women, aged between 18 and 56 years. Reactivity was observed among both voluntary and replacement donors, across various blood groups. Although the findings indicate a low reactivity rate and epidemiological data on HTLV in Bolivia, particularly in La Paz, remain limited, it is essential to maintain surveillance and screening practices in blood donation services. HTLV-I/II infection poses a significant risk to transfusion safety and underscores the importance of continued surveillance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HTLV-I/II reactivity among blood donors and to analyze the associated demographic characteristics and donation types.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) are retroviruses belonging to the Oncovirinae subfamily. Due to their pathogenic potential, they can be transmitted through transfusion of contaminated blood components. A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted, including all blood donors screened for HTLV-I/II at the Maternal and Child Blood Bank of the National Health Fund (Caja Nacional de Salud), located in La Paz, Bolivia, between December 2023 and August 2024. A total of 4,178 blood donors were analyzed, of whom six tested reactive for HTLV-I/II, resulting in a reactivity rate of 0.1435%. These reactive donors included three men and three women, aged between 18 and 56 years. Reactivity was observed among both voluntary and replacement donors, across various blood groups. Although the findings indicate a low reactivity rate and epidemiological data on HTLV in Bolivia, particularly in La Paz, remain limited, it is essential to maintain surveillance and screening practices in blood donation services. HTLV-I/II infection poses a significant risk to transfusion safety and underscores the importance of continued surveillance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HTLV-I/II reactivity among blood donors and to analyze the associated demographic characteristics and donation types.
Description
Vol. 31, No. 2