Cateterismo vesical versus infecciones urinarias

Abstract

Objective: to establish the relationship between bladder catheterization and urinary infection. Methods: it was a descriptive study, with field design, cross-sectional, as well as a cohort or monitoring study, prospective and analytical. The sample population was constituted by 36 nursing professionals (according to exclusion criteria) that worked in the ICU of IAHULA and also by 7 patients who entered the unit, chosen intentionally. To nursing, a dichotomous survey was applied and a urinalysis was made to the patients before and after bladder catheterization. Results: regarding nursing knowledge: the 80.5% considered incorrect that bladder catheterization consists in introducing a catheter from the urethral meatus to the prostate, 94.4% chose the correct answer about the asepsis of the urethral meatus on women, 97.2% mentioned correctly that after bladder catheterization the foreskin must be returned to its position in order to avoid paraphimosis, for the 86.1% the urinary infection is associated to the bladder catheterization 48 hours after the catheter implantation; an 83.3% answered correctly that the most frequent manifestations of urinary infection are: fever over 38oC, acute haematuria and dysuria, 77.7% ignored the time for washing hands, 83.3% indicated incorrectly that the reflux of urine to the bladder is avoided lifting the collection bag. Regarding patients: they had ages between 16 to 56 years, with an average age of 33 years, 71% male, the urine culture after bladder catheterization of patients 1, 2, 3, and 6, reported Candida spp. Conclusion: there exist a relationship between bladder catheterization and urinary tract infections in patients who entered to the ICU of IAHULA from Merida during the period of February-June 2017.