PERFIL DE MORTALIDAD CAUSADAS POR ENFERMEDADES CARDIOVASCULARES, CIUDAD DE LA PAZ, PRIMER SEMESTRE 2017
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Cuad. - Hosp. Clín.
Abstract
INTRODUCCIÓN: El estudio identifica las principales causas de muerte cardiovascular y evidencia una tasa importante de muertes que ocurren subrayando la gravedad y el impacto de estas enfermedades en la población local. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar el perfil de mortalidad causadas por enfermedades cardiovasculares en la ciudad de La Paz en el primer semestre de 2017. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio cuantitativo de serie de casos analizó 469 fallecimientos por causa de enfermedades cardiovasculares, registradas en el Certificado Único de Defunción (CEUMED), en tres cementerios de la ciudad de La Paz entre enero y junio de 2017. Se utilizó una ficha para registrar la edad, sexo, lugar y subsector de salud de la defunción, clasificando las enfermedades según CIE-10. Se garantizó la privacidad mediante codificación y almacenamiento seguro de datos, y el estudio fue aprobado por el comité de ética del IINSAD. RESULTADOS: Se observó mayor frecuencia de mortalidad en mujeres, los hombres presentaron tasas de mortalidad más altas en los extremos de la vida y una mayor incidencia de enfermedades cerebrovasculares. Las tres principales causas de muerte fueron las enfermedades hipertensivas (30%), cerebrovasculares (20,3%) y cardiopulmonares (17,2%). La mayoría de los fallecimientos ocurrieron en hogares (60%). Se identificaron como causas específicas: enfermedad reumática del corazón (42,5%), hipertensión esencial, insuficiencia cardíaca no especificada (61,3%), infarto agudo de miocardio y accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (54,2%). Se observaron diferencias en la edad promedio de muerte y la pérdida de años potenciales de vida entre hombres y mujeres, con una mayor pérdida en mujeres en casos de hipertensión y enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, y mayor pérdida en hombres en casos de insuficiencia cardiaca. CONCLUSIÓN: Se observó una alta prevalencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares con patrones de mortalidad diferenciados por sexo y una significativa tasa de mortalidad prematura, especialmente en hombres.
INTRODUCTION: The study identifies the main causes of cardiovascular death and highlights a significant death rate, underscoring the severity and impact of these diseases on the local population. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the profile of mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases in the city of La Paz in the first half of 2017. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantitative case series study analyzed 469 deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, registered in the Certificado Unico de Defuncion (CEUMED), in three cemeteries in the city of La Paz between January and June 2017. A card was used to record the age, sex, place and health subsector of death, classifying the diseases according to ICD-10. Privacy was guaranteed by coding and secure data storage, and the study was approved by the IINSAD ethics committee. RESULTS: A higher frequency of mortality was observed in women; men had higher mortality rates at the extremes of life and a higher incidence of cerebrovascular disease. The three main causes of death were hypertensive (30%), cerebrovascular (20.3%) and cardiopulmonary (17.2%) diseases. Most deaths occurred in homes (60%). Specific causes were identified as rheumatic heart disease (42.5%), essential hypertension, unspecified heart failure (61.3%), acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke (54.2%). Differences in mean age at death and loss of potential years of life were observed between men and women, with greater loss in women in cases of hypertension and ischemic heart disease, and greater loss in men in cases of heart failure. CONCLUSION: We observed a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases with sex-differentiated mortality patterns and a significant premature mortality rate, especially in men.
INTRODUCTION: The study identifies the main causes of cardiovascular death and highlights a significant death rate, underscoring the severity and impact of these diseases on the local population. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the profile of mortality caused by cardiovascular diseases in the city of La Paz in the first half of 2017. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quantitative case series study analyzed 469 deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, registered in the Certificado Unico de Defuncion (CEUMED), in three cemeteries in the city of La Paz between January and June 2017. A card was used to record the age, sex, place and health subsector of death, classifying the diseases according to ICD-10. Privacy was guaranteed by coding and secure data storage, and the study was approved by the IINSAD ethics committee. RESULTS: A higher frequency of mortality was observed in women; men had higher mortality rates at the extremes of life and a higher incidence of cerebrovascular disease. The three main causes of death were hypertensive (30%), cerebrovascular (20.3%) and cardiopulmonary (17.2%) diseases. Most deaths occurred in homes (60%). Specific causes were identified as rheumatic heart disease (42.5%), essential hypertension, unspecified heart failure (61.3%), acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke (54.2%). Differences in mean age at death and loss of potential years of life were observed between men and women, with greater loss in women in cases of hypertension and ischemic heart disease, and greater loss in men in cases of heart failure. CONCLUSION: We observed a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases with sex-differentiated mortality patterns and a significant premature mortality rate, especially in men.
Description
Vol. 66, No. 1