Efecto del mucílago de nopal y tiempo de agitación sobre los parámetros fisicoquímicos y remoción de arsénico (V) de agua contaminada, Moquegua, 2022.
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Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar cómo el mucílago de nopal y el tiempo de agitación afectan las propiedades fisicas y químicas y la eliminación de arsénico (V) en agua contaminada. El departamento de Moquegua, ubicado en el sur del Perú, enfrenta una crisis hídrica debido a la escasez y contaminación del agua, especialmente en los valles de Torata y Moquegua. La presencia de arsénico en fuentes hídricas locales representa un grave riesgo para la salud pública, con reportes de niveles elevados en la sangre de pobladores. Ante esta problemática, el mucílago de nopal surge como una alternativa sostenible para la remoción de arsénico debido a su capacidad coagulante y adsorbente. Se diseñó un experimento factorial 3x3 con tres concentraciones de mucílago (0, 5 y 10 g/L) y tres tiempos de agitación (30, 60 y 120 min). Se utilizó agua destilada contaminada con H₃AsO₄ (0,05 mg/L de As V), analizando pH, conductividad eléctrica, turbidez y remoción de arsénico. Los datos fueron analizados mediante ANOVA y la prueba LSD de Fisher. Los resultados indicaron que el mucílago aumentó el pH y la conductividad eléctrica dentro de límites aceptables, pero elevó la turbidez más allá de lo recomendado. La máxima reducción de arsénico alcanzó el 14%, insuficiente para cumplir con el estándar de agua potable (≤ 0,01 mg/L). Se concluye que el mucílago de nopal tiene potencial como coagulante, pero requiere combinarse con otros tratamientos para lograr una remoción efectiva del arsénico.
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of cactus mucilage and agitation time on the physical and chemical properties, as well as arsenic (V) removal, in contaminated water. The department of Moquegua, located in southern Peru, is facing a water crisis due to water scarcity and contamination, particularly in the valleys of Torata and Moquegua. The presence of arsenic in local water sources represents a serious risk to public health, with reports of high levels in the blood of local residents. In view of this problem, nopal mucilage emerges as a sustainable alternative for arsenic removal due to its coagulant and adsorbent capacity. A 3x3 factorial experiment was designed with three mucilage concentrations (0.5 and 10 g/L) and three agitation times (30, 60, and 120 min). Distilled water contaminated with H₃AsO₄ (0.05 mg/L As V) was used to analyze pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and arsenic removal. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Fisher's LSD test. The results indicated that mucilage increased pH and electrical conductivity within acceptable limits, but elevated turbidity beyond the recommended range. The maximum arsenic reduction reached 14%, insufficient to meet the drinking water standard (≤ 0.01 mg/L). It is concluded that nopal mucilage has potential as a coagulant, but needs to be combined with other treatments to achieve effective arsenic removal.
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of cactus mucilage and agitation time on the physical and chemical properties, as well as arsenic (V) removal, in contaminated water. The department of Moquegua, located in southern Peru, is facing a water crisis due to water scarcity and contamination, particularly in the valleys of Torata and Moquegua. The presence of arsenic in local water sources represents a serious risk to public health, with reports of high levels in the blood of local residents. In view of this problem, nopal mucilage emerges as a sustainable alternative for arsenic removal due to its coagulant and adsorbent capacity. A 3x3 factorial experiment was designed with three mucilage concentrations (0.5 and 10 g/L) and three agitation times (30, 60, and 120 min). Distilled water contaminated with H₃AsO₄ (0.05 mg/L As V) was used to analyze pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, and arsenic removal. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Fisher's LSD test. The results indicated that mucilage increased pH and electrical conductivity within acceptable limits, but elevated turbidity beyond the recommended range. The maximum arsenic reduction reached 14%, insufficient to meet the drinking water standard (≤ 0.01 mg/L). It is concluded that nopal mucilage has potential as a coagulant, but needs to be combined with other treatments to achieve effective arsenic removal.
Description
Vol. 23, No. 34