Diseño de un pavimento rígido permeable como sistema urbano de drenaje sostenible
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Fides Et Ratio
Abstract
Los pavimentos rígidos permeables, empleados en áreas urbanas, permiten lograr un sistema de drenaje sostenible. En la presente, se analiza el desempeño de un pavimento rígido permeable en la mejora de la calidad en el drenaje a través del diseño de 4 tramos de vías de estudio, como infraestructura urbana de bajo tránsito, ubicado en la ciudad de Juriaca, Sur del Perú, que actué como sistema urbano de drenaje sostenible durante la presencia de lluvias en la localidad, haciendo énfasis a los parámetros de comportamiento, mecánicos e hidráulicos; puesto que el diseño convencional de pavimentos en el Perú se centra más en la resistencia, mas no en la preservación del agua. La metodología de la investigación es de tipo aplicada con un diseño pre-experimental. Para el desarrollo se introducen aspectos básicos del concreto permeable en conjunto con parámetros necesarios para diseñar pavimentos urbanos y la guía AASHTO 93. En el diseño para el concreto se realizaron tres diseños de mezcla adicionando tiras de polipropileno. El diseño de mezcla optimo (0.05% de polipropileno) obtuvo como resultados mecánicos: a los 28 días, una resistencia a la compresión del concreto, de 196.95 kg/cm2, módulo de rotura 31.74 kg/cm2 y como resultado hidráulico se logró una permeabilidad de 0.463 cm/s. Para dimensionar la estructura del pavimento se consideró los criterios vigentes de la guía de diseño AASHTO 93 logrando como resultados: espesores de losa de concreto permeable de 20 cm., una subbase granular filtrante de 30 y 40 cm, con una tubería perforada de 25 cm, 30 cm y 35 cm de diámetro, en tramos y colectores principales respectivamente y una capa anticontaminante de 5 cm usada para proteger la subbase. El tiempo en que el agua se infiltra por la superficie del pavimento hacia el subdrenaje es de 1:36 horas. Concluyendo que el pavimento rígido permeable es una alternativa con aplicación eficiente en la evacuación del agua de lluvia y cumple los requerimientos estructurales, para un bajo tránsito vehicular.
Rigid permeable pavements, used in urban areas, allow to achieve a sustainable drainage system. In the present, the performance of a rigid permeable pavement in improving drainage quality is analyzed through the design of 4 sections of study roads, as urban infrastructure with low traffic, located in the city of Juliaca, South of the Perú, which acted as a sustainable urban drainage system during the presence of rains in the locality, emphasizing the behavioral, mechanical and hydraulic parameters; since conventional pavement design in Peru focuses more on resistance, but not on water preservation. The research methodology is of an applied type with a pre-experimental design. For the development, basic aspeets of permeable concrete are introduced together with the parameters necessary to design urban pavements and the AASHTO 93 guide. In the design for concrete, three mix designs were made adding polypropylene strips. The optimal mix design (0.05% polypropylene) obtained as mechanical results: after 28 days, a compressive strength of the concrete of 196.95 kg/cm2, modulus of rupture 31.74 kg/cm2 and as a hydraulic result a permeability was achieved 0.463 cm/s. To size the pavement structure, the current criteria of the AASHTO 93 design guide were considered, achieving the following results: permeable concrete slab thickness of 20 cm., A filtering granular subbase of 30 and 40 cm, with a 25 cm perforated pipe. , 30 cm and 35 cm in diameter, in sections and main collectors respectively and a 5 cm anti-pollution layer used to protect the subbase. The time in which the water infiltrates the pavement surface into the sub-drain is 1:36 hours. Concluding that the permeable rigid pavement is an alternative with efficient application in the evacuation of rainwater and meets the structural requirements, for low vehicular traffic.
Rigid permeable pavements, used in urban areas, allow to achieve a sustainable drainage system. In the present, the performance of a rigid permeable pavement in improving drainage quality is analyzed through the design of 4 sections of study roads, as urban infrastructure with low traffic, located in the city of Juliaca, South of the Perú, which acted as a sustainable urban drainage system during the presence of rains in the locality, emphasizing the behavioral, mechanical and hydraulic parameters; since conventional pavement design in Peru focuses more on resistance, but not on water preservation. The research methodology is of an applied type with a pre-experimental design. For the development, basic aspeets of permeable concrete are introduced together with the parameters necessary to design urban pavements and the AASHTO 93 guide. In the design for concrete, three mix designs were made adding polypropylene strips. The optimal mix design (0.05% polypropylene) obtained as mechanical results: after 28 days, a compressive strength of the concrete of 196.95 kg/cm2, modulus of rupture 31.74 kg/cm2 and as a hydraulic result a permeability was achieved 0.463 cm/s. To size the pavement structure, the current criteria of the AASHTO 93 design guide were considered, achieving the following results: permeable concrete slab thickness of 20 cm., A filtering granular subbase of 30 and 40 cm, with a 25 cm perforated pipe. , 30 cm and 35 cm in diameter, in sections and main collectors respectively and a 5 cm anti-pollution layer used to protect the subbase. The time in which the water infiltrates the pavement surface into the sub-drain is 1:36 hours. Concluding that the permeable rigid pavement is an alternative with efficient application in the evacuation of rainwater and meets the structural requirements, for low vehicular traffic.
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Vol. 20, No. 20