Evaluación de nuevas tecnologías de producción limpia de la mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth), en la zona Andina de Ecuador, para un buen vivir de los fruticultores
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J. Selva Andina Biosph.
Abstract
La presente investigación propone, la evaluación de los componentes tecnológicos limpio y orgánico, con y sin Trichoderma para el manejo del cultivo mora de castilla (Rubus glaucus Benth) en los cantones Cevallos y Tisaleo perteneciente a la provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador. Se utilizó el diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar en arreglo factorial 2*2+1 con tres repeticiones, observando el manejo limpio con 3 ciclos de Tríchoderma (T3), presentó los mejores resultados al evaluar números de yemas por rama, flores fecundadas, frutos por rama y rendimiento alcanzando este último 19036.35 kg/ha para Cevallos y 24973.09 kg/ha para Tisaleo, tanto la incidencia y severidad de Oídium, Botrytis y Peronospora se lo registró en el manejo orgánico (A2), desde el punto de vista económico en la localidad de Cevallos el tratamiento que presentó menores costos que varían, el manejo del productor sin Tríchoderma spp (T7) con 634.99 USD, mientras que el tratamiento manejo orgánico con 3 ciclos de Tríchoderma spp (T6) presentó mayores costos que varían con 1039.89 USD. De acuerdo al beneficio neto se determinó que el tratamiento manejo limpio más 3 ciclos de Trichoderma spp (T3) presentó mayor beneficio neto con 24764.26 USD, mientras que para el manejo del productor sin Trichoderma spp. (T7) presentó el menor beneficio neto con 6623.908 USD, evidenciando al tratamiento 3 como nueva alternativa de producción limpia, que reduzca la utilización de agroquímicos y mejoren la producción de mora en la zona Andina de Ecuador.
The present investigation proposes, the evaluation of the clean and organic technological components, with and without Tríchoderma for the management of the Moravian culture of Castile (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the cantons Cevallos and Tisaleo belonging to the province of Tungurahua-Ecuador. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks (BCA) was used in factorial arrangement 2*2+1 with three, observing the clean management with 3 eyeles of Trichoderma (T3), presented the best results when evaluating numbers of buds per branch, fertilized flowers, fruits per branch and yield reaching the latter 19036.35 kg/ha for Cevallos and 24973.09 kg/ha for Tisaleo, Both the incidence and severity of Oídium, Botrytis and Peronospora were recorded in the organic management (A2), from the economic point of view in the town of Cevallos the treatment that presented lower costs that vary, the management of the producer without Tríchoderma spp (T7) with 634.99 USD, while the treatment Organic management with 3 cycles of Tríchoderma spp (T6) presented higher costs that vary with 1039.89 USD. According to the net benefit, it was determined that the Clean Management treatment plus 3 cycles of Tríchoderma spp (T3) presented a higher net benefit with USD 24764.26, while for the Producer Management without Tríchoderma spp. (T7) presented the lowest net profit with 6623.908 USD; evidencing treatment 3 as a new clean production alternative that reduces the use of agrochemicals and improves the production of arrears in the Andean zone of Ecuador.
The present investigation proposes, the evaluation of the clean and organic technological components, with and without Tríchoderma for the management of the Moravian culture of Castile (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the cantons Cevallos and Tisaleo belonging to the province of Tungurahua-Ecuador. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks (BCA) was used in factorial arrangement 2*2+1 with three, observing the clean management with 3 eyeles of Trichoderma (T3), presented the best results when evaluating numbers of buds per branch, fertilized flowers, fruits per branch and yield reaching the latter 19036.35 kg/ha for Cevallos and 24973.09 kg/ha for Tisaleo, Both the incidence and severity of Oídium, Botrytis and Peronospora were recorded in the organic management (A2), from the economic point of view in the town of Cevallos the treatment that presented lower costs that vary, the management of the producer without Tríchoderma spp (T7) with 634.99 USD, while the treatment Organic management with 3 cycles of Tríchoderma spp (T6) presented higher costs that vary with 1039.89 USD. According to the net benefit, it was determined that the Clean Management treatment plus 3 cycles of Tríchoderma spp (T3) presented a higher net benefit with USD 24764.26, while for the Producer Management without Tríchoderma spp. (T7) presented the lowest net profit with 6623.908 USD; evidencing treatment 3 as a new clean production alternative that reduces the use of agrochemicals and improves the production of arrears in the Andean zone of Ecuador.
Description
Vol. 7, No. 1