Síndrome de burnout en docentes de una Unidad Educativa, Ecuador
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Horizontes Rev. Inv. Cs. Edu.
Abstract
El síndrome de burnout es un conjunto de síntomas de desgaste emocional que afectan la salud y el rendimiento laboral personal-profesional. El objetivo principal del estudio fue analizar el nivel de burnout que muestra el personal docente, midiendo la prevalencia de despersonalización, cansancio emocional y realización personal. El diseño de la investigación fue descriptivo, la técnica usada fue la encuesta, instrumento el cuestionario de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI] constituido por 22 ítems en forma de afirmaciones, sobre los sentimientos y actitudes del profesional en su trabajo y hacia los alumnos. Entre los principales hallazgos, el 29% de los docentes de la unidad educativa padecen de cansancio emocional; la despersonalización fue del 17%; y el 85% de los docentes presenta un alto nivel se realización. Se concluye que los docentes poseen una prevalencia baja del síndrome, existen docentes ubicados en la escala media y una población relativamente pequeña con una prevalencia alta que podría ser un factor de riesgo.
Burnout syndrome is a set of symptoms of emotional exhaustion that affect health and personal-professional work performance. The main objective of the study was to analyze the level of burnout shown by the teaching staff, measuring the prevalence of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion and personal fulfillment. The research design was descriptive; the technique used was the survey, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI] questionnaire instrument consisting of 22 ítems in the form of statements, about the feelings and attitudes of the professional in their work and towards the students. Among the main findings, 29% of the teachers in the educational unit suffer from emotional fatigue; depersonalization was 17%; and 85% of teachers have a high level of achievement It is concluded that teachers have a low prevalence of the syndrome, there are teachers located in the middle scale and a relatively small population with a high prevalence that could be a risk factor.
Burnout syndrome is a set of symptoms of emotional exhaustion that affect health and personal-professional work performance. The main objective of the study was to analyze the level of burnout shown by the teaching staff, measuring the prevalence of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion and personal fulfillment. The research design was descriptive; the technique used was the survey, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI] questionnaire instrument consisting of 22 ítems in the form of statements, about the feelings and attitudes of the professional in their work and towards the students. Among the main findings, 29% of the teachers in the educational unit suffer from emotional fatigue; depersonalization was 17%; and 85% of teachers have a high level of achievement It is concluded that teachers have a low prevalence of the syndrome, there are teachers located in the middle scale and a relatively small population with a high prevalence that could be a risk factor.
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Vol. 4, No. 16