Habilidades metacognitivas en estudiantes universitarios: Una revisión sistemática sobre su desarrollo y aplicación
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Publisher
Horizontes Rev. Inv. Cs. Edu.
Abstract
Las habilidades metacognitivas permiten a los individuos, entre otras cosas, planificar, monitorear y evaluar su propio aprendizaje, lo que contribuye a un rendimiento más efectivo. En este contexto, la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el desarrollo y la aplicación de habilidades metacognitivas en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en el método PRISMA, donde se identificaron 30 estudios publicados a partir del año 2020. En los estudios analizados se identificó que los alumnos emplean estrategias como la planificación, la autoevaluación y la resolución de problemas. Estas estrategias tienen un impacto positivo en habilidades como la comprensión lectora, la escritura académica y el modelado matemático. Además, se apreciaron fortalezas en áreas como la planificación. Las intervenciones basadas en estrategias metacognitivas demostraron ser efectivas para mejorar el pensamiento crítico y la producción escrita. Se concluye que, es recomendable fomentar el desarrollo de habilidades metacognitivas en los estudiantes.
Metacognitive skills allow individuals, among other things, to plan, monitor, and evaluate their own learning, which contributes to more effective performance. In this context, the present research aimed to analyze the development and application of metacognitive skills in university students. To do so, a systematic review based on the PRISMA method was carried out, where 30 studies published as of 2020 were identified. In the analyzed studies, it was identified that students use strategies such as planning, self-assessment, and problem solving. These strategies have a positive impact on skills such as reading comprehension, academic writing, and mathematical modeling. In addition, strengths were seen in areas such as planning. Interventions based on metacognitive strategies proved to be effective in improving critical thinking and written production. It is concluded that it is advisable to promote the development of metacognitive skills in students.
Metacognitive skills allow individuals, among other things, to plan, monitor, and evaluate their own learning, which contributes to more effective performance. In this context, the present research aimed to analyze the development and application of metacognitive skills in university students. To do so, a systematic review based on the PRISMA method was carried out, where 30 studies published as of 2020 were identified. In the analyzed studies, it was identified that students use strategies such as planning, self-assessment, and problem solving. These strategies have a positive impact on skills such as reading comprehension, academic writing, and mathematical modeling. In addition, strengths were seen in areas such as planning. Interventions based on metacognitive strategies proved to be effective in improving critical thinking and written production. It is concluded that it is advisable to promote the development of metacognitive skills in students.
Description
Vol. 9, No. 39
Keywords
Estrategias de aprendizaje, Estudiantes universitarios, Habilidades metacognitivas, Intervenciones educativas, Rendimiento académico, Learning strategies, University students, Metacognitive skills, Educational interventions, Academic performance, Estratégias de aprendizagem, Estudantes universitários, Habilidades metacognitivas, Intervenções educacionais, Desempenho acadêmico