Balance fiscal en Bolivia: Comportamiento del Déficit Fiscal en relación al Producto Interno Bruto
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Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
Abstract
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el balance fiscal del Sector Público No Financiero sobre el Producto Interno Bruto en Bolivia durante el período 2014-2024. La investigación adopta un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico y con nivel descriptivo, empleando el método deductivo-analítico; utiliza un diseño no experimental y longitudinal. Para la recolección de datos, se recurrió a fuentes documentales del Banco Mundial, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas de Bolivia. El análisis de resultados del balance fiscal del Sector Público No Financiero, durante el período 2014-2024, revela una estructura de ingresos dependiente en gran medida de ingresos corrientes, destacándose la recaudación tributaria e ingresos del sector de hidrocarburos. En cuanto a gastos, se observa una concentración en egresos corrientes, mientras la inversión pública tuvo una disminución significativa. Durante este período se registró un déficit fiscal sostenido, cuyo financiamiento fue por créditos. En conclusión, es necesario diversificar los ingresos del sector público para reducir la dependencia de los hidrocarburos; se debe mejorar la eficiencia del gasto corriente y disminuir el financiamiento mediante deuda; en 2024 el déficit alcanzó 7,8% del PIB, considerado insostenible por organismos internacionales, que recomiendan un máximo del 3%.
This article analyzes the fiscal balance of the Non-Financial Public Sector as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product in Bolivia during the period 2014-2024. The research adopts a quantitative, and descriptive approach, employing the deductive analytical method and a non-experimental and longitudinal design. Data collection was based on documentary sources from the World Bank, the National Institute of Statistics, and the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance of Bolivia. The analysis of the fiscal balance of the Non-Financial Public Sector during the period 2014-2024 reveals a revenue structure largely dependent on current income, with particular emphasis on tax collection and revenues from the hydrocarbon sector. Expenditures, were concentrated in current spending, while public investment decreased significantly. During this period, a sustained fiscal deficit was recorded, financed through loans. In conclusion, it is necessary to diversify public sector revenues to reduce dependence on hydrocarbons; efficiency in current spending must be improved and debt financing reduced. In 2024, the deficit reached 7.8% of GDP, considered unsustainable by international organizations, which recommend a maximum of 3%.
This article analyzes the fiscal balance of the Non-Financial Public Sector as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product in Bolivia during the period 2014-2024. The research adopts a quantitative, and descriptive approach, employing the deductive analytical method and a non-experimental and longitudinal design. Data collection was based on documentary sources from the World Bank, the National Institute of Statistics, and the Ministry of Economy and Public Finance of Bolivia. The analysis of the fiscal balance of the Non-Financial Public Sector during the period 2014-2024 reveals a revenue structure largely dependent on current income, with particular emphasis on tax collection and revenues from the hydrocarbon sector. Expenditures, were concentrated in current spending, while public investment decreased significantly. During this period, a sustained fiscal deficit was recorded, financed through loans. In conclusion, it is necessary to diversify public sector revenues to reduce dependence on hydrocarbons; efficiency in current spending must be improved and debt financing reduced. In 2024, the deficit reached 7.8% of GDP, considered unsustainable by international organizations, which recommend a maximum of 3%.
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Vol. 23, No. 35