Determinantes de riesgo relacionados con la enfermedad diarreica aguda en niños menores de 5 años en una zona rural de Huánuco, Perú
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Revista UNITEPC
Abstract
Introducción: La enfermedad diarreica aguda sigue siendo uno de los problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial que afecta principalmente a países subdesarrollados. Objetivo fue identificar los determinantes de riesgo relacionados con esta dolencia en niños menores de 5 años de la localidad de Huancapata, Ambo, Huánuco, durante el 2019. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional y transversal, con diseño correlacional. La muestra fueron 101 madres de niños menores de 5 años, seleccionadas probabilísticamente. Se aplicó una guía de entrevista de las características generales, un cuestionario de determinantes de riesgo y una ficha de valoración clínica de la EDA. El análisis inferencial se realizó con la prueba de chi cuadrado, el odds ratio (OR) con sus intervalos de confianza al 95 % y con un p < 0,05. Resultados: Se halló que los determinantes hábitos de higiene: insumos inadecuados para el lavado de manos (X2 = 3,631; OR = 2,2 y p = 0,046) y la falta de higiene de los juguetes del niño (X2 = 5,683; OR = 3, 127 y p = 0,014) resultaron ser estadísticamente significativos como determinantes relacionados con la EDA. Discusión: Los insumos inadecuados para el lavado de manos y la falta de lavado de los juguetes del niño, fueron los determinantes de riesgo relacionados con la EDA en los niños en estudio.
Summary Introduction: Acute diarrheal disease continues to be one of the world's health problems that mainly affects underdeveloped countries. The objective is to identify the risk determinants related to this ailment in children under 5 years of age in the town of Huancapata, Ambo, Huánuco, during 2019. Methodology: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out, with a correlational design. The sample consisted of 101 mothers of children under 5 years of age, selected probabilistically. An interview guide of the general characteristics, a questionnaire of risk determinants and a clinical evaluation form of ADD were applied. The inferential analysis was performed with the chi square test, the odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals and with a p <0.05. Results: It was found that the determining hygiene habits: inadequate supplies for hand washing (X2 = 3,631; OR = 2.2 and p = 0.046) and the lack of hygiene of the child's toys (X2 = 5.683; OR = 3, 127 and p = 0.014) were found to be statistically significant as determinants related to ADD. Discussion: Inadequate supplies for hand washing and lack of washing of children's toys were the risk determinants related to ADD in the children in the study.
Summary Introduction: Acute diarrheal disease continues to be one of the world's health problems that mainly affects underdeveloped countries. The objective is to identify the risk determinants related to this ailment in children under 5 years of age in the town of Huancapata, Ambo, Huánuco, during 2019. Methodology: An observational and cross-sectional study was carried out, with a correlational design. The sample consisted of 101 mothers of children under 5 years of age, selected probabilistically. An interview guide of the general characteristics, a questionnaire of risk determinants and a clinical evaluation form of ADD were applied. The inferential analysis was performed with the chi square test, the odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals and with a p <0.05. Results: It was found that the determining hygiene habits: inadequate supplies for hand washing (X2 = 3,631; OR = 2.2 and p = 0.046) and the lack of hygiene of the child's toys (X2 = 5.683; OR = 3, 127 and p = 0.014) were found to be statistically significant as determinants related to ADD. Discussion: Inadequate supplies for hand washing and lack of washing of children's toys were the risk determinants related to ADD in the children in the study.
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Vol. 8, No. 2