Caracterización inmunohistoquímica del cáncer de mama correlacionado con histopatología, estudio realizado en un hospital de Ecuador
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J. Selva Andina Res. Soc.
Abstract
El cáncer de mama es el tipo más frecuente en la población del sexo femenino, y ocupa el primer lugar en mortalidad con 10.9 % y una incidencia de 38.2 % de todas las causas de cáncer en mujeres. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características inmunohistoquímicas del cáncer de mama y su correlación histopatología. Se efectuó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y correlacional que involucró desde el año 2019 al 2021 con información obtenida del departamento de patología del hospital Luis Vernaza en Guayaquil-Ecuador. En esta investigación se obtuvo como resultados que el tumor de mama más frecuente, según patología fue el carcinoma ductal invasivo en un 78 %. Todas las pacientes con carcinoma ductal in situ presentaron receptores de estrógeno, progesterona positivos y Ki67 < 10 % en su gran mayoría (83%). Las pacientes con carcinoma lobulillar invasor presentaron en su gran mayoría receptores de estrógenos, progesterona positivo y Ki67 > 10 %. En las pacientes diagnosticadas con carcinoma ductal invasor predominó el subtipo molecular intrínseco HER2/neu sobre expresado. Los marcadores moleculares que se obtienen mediante inmunohistoquímica son importantes para la clasificación de los subtipos de cáncer de mama, la selección de tratamiento y la predicción del pronóstico. En este estudio se notó una gran variabilidad y heterogeneidad en los diferentes tumores lo que les otorga un pronóstico y enfoque terapéutico diferente.
Breast cancer is the most common type in the female population, and ranks first in mortality with 10.9 % and an incidence of 38.2 % of all causes of cancer in women. The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical characteristics of breast cancer and its histopathology correlation. An observational, retrospective, and correlational study was carried out that involved from 2019 to 2021 with information obtained from the pathology department of the Luis Vernaza hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. In this research, the results were that the most frequent breast tumor, according to pathology, was invasive ductal carcinoma in 78 %. All patients with ductal carcinoma in situ were estrogen, progesterone, and Ki67 receptors < 10 % in the vast majority (83 %). Patients with invasive lobular carcinoma had the vast majority of estrogen receptors, progesterone positive, and Ki67 > 10 %. In patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, the overexpressed intrinsic molecular subtype HER2/neu predominated. Molecular markers obtained by immunohistochemistry are important for the classification of breast cancer subtypes, treatment selection, and prediction of prognosis. In this study, great variability and heterogeneity were noted in the different tumors, which gives them a different prognosis and therapeutic approach.
Breast cancer is the most common type in the female population, and ranks first in mortality with 10.9 % and an incidence of 38.2 % of all causes of cancer in women. The objective of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical characteristics of breast cancer and its histopathology correlation. An observational, retrospective, and correlational study was carried out that involved from 2019 to 2021 with information obtained from the pathology department of the Luis Vernaza hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. In this research, the results were that the most frequent breast tumor, according to pathology, was invasive ductal carcinoma in 78 %. All patients with ductal carcinoma in situ were estrogen, progesterone, and Ki67 receptors < 10 % in the vast majority (83 %). Patients with invasive lobular carcinoma had the vast majority of estrogen receptors, progesterone positive, and Ki67 > 10 %. In patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma, the overexpressed intrinsic molecular subtype HER2/neu predominated. Molecular markers obtained by immunohistochemistry are important for the classification of breast cancer subtypes, treatment selection, and prediction of prognosis. In this study, great variability and heterogeneity were noted in the different tumors, which gives them a different prognosis and therapeutic approach.
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Vol. 16, No. 2