Estado obeso y fortalecimiento institucional: un enfoque técnico desde la gestión del talento humano
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Abstract
El presente estudio analiza el concepto de "Estado obeso" como construcción discursiva utilizada para justificar políticas de reducción del aparato estatal en Ecuador, examinando sus implicaciones en el fortalecimiento institucional desde la perspectiva de la gestión del talento humano. A través de un análisis documental y comparativo del período 2015-2025, se evidencia que la implementación de políticas de "adelgazamiento del Estado" ha resultado en el debilitamiento institucional, incremento de la inseguridad ciudadana y deterioro de los servicios públicos. La investigación examina la evolución de indicadores clave como seguridad ciudadana, donde Ecuador pasó del puesto 17 al puesto 1 en victimización por delincuencia en Latinoamérica, coincidiendo con el desmantelamiento de instituciones especializadas iniciado en 2017. Se analiza la incompatibilidad profesional en designaciones ministeriales como manifestación del verdadero "Estado obeso", caracterizado por la selección de funcionarios sin competencias técnicas específicas para sus cargos. El estudio compara indicadores socioeconómicos entre Ecuador y Chile, evidenciando que países con instituciones públicas fortalecidas presentan mejores resultados en desarrollo humano, seguridad ciudadana y control de la corrupción. Los resultados demuestran que el fortalecimiento institucional basado en criterios técnicos de gestión del talento humano constituye una condición fundamental para la eficiencia estatal y el desarrollo sostenible. La investigación concluye que el concepto de "Estado obeso" carece de fundamento teórico sólido y que su aplicación práctica ha generado efectos contraproducentes en la gobernanza democrática ecuatoriana.
This study analyzes the concept of the "obese state" as a discursive construction used to justify policies aimed at reducing the size of the public sector in Ecuador, examining its implications for institutional strengthening from a human talent management perspective. Through a documentary and comparative analysis covering the period 2015-2025, it is evident that the implementation of "state slimming" policies has led to institutional weakening, increased citizen insecurity, and deterioration of public services. The research examines the evolution of key indicators, such as citizen security, where Ecuador fell from 17th to 1st in crime victimization in Latin America, coinciding with the dismantling of specialized institutions beginning in 2017. Professional incompatibility in ministerial appointments is analyzed as a manifestation of the true "obese state," characterized by the selection of officials without specific technical competencies for their positions. The study compares socio-economic indicators between Ecuador and Chile, showing that countries with strengthened public institutions achieve better outcomes in human development, citizen security, and corruption control. The results demonstrate that institutional strengthening based on technical human talent management criteria is a fundamental condition for state efficiency and sustainable development. The study concludes that the concept of the "obese state" lacks solid theoretical foundation and that its practical application has produced counterproductive effects on Ecuadorian democratic governance.
This study analyzes the concept of the "obese state" as a discursive construction used to justify policies aimed at reducing the size of the public sector in Ecuador, examining its implications for institutional strengthening from a human talent management perspective. Through a documentary and comparative analysis covering the period 2015-2025, it is evident that the implementation of "state slimming" policies has led to institutional weakening, increased citizen insecurity, and deterioration of public services. The research examines the evolution of key indicators, such as citizen security, where Ecuador fell from 17th to 1st in crime victimization in Latin America, coinciding with the dismantling of specialized institutions beginning in 2017. Professional incompatibility in ministerial appointments is analyzed as a manifestation of the true "obese state," characterized by the selection of officials without specific technical competencies for their positions. The study compares socio-economic indicators between Ecuador and Chile, showing that countries with strengthened public institutions achieve better outcomes in human development, citizen security, and corruption control. The results demonstrate that institutional strengthening based on technical human talent management criteria is a fundamental condition for state efficiency and sustainable development. The study concludes that the concept of the "obese state" lacks solid theoretical foundation and that its practical application has produced counterproductive effects on Ecuadorian democratic governance.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 11
Keywords
Estado obeso, Fortalecimiento institucional, Gestión del talento humano, Administración pública, Políticas públicas, Gobernanza, Obese state, Institutional strengthening, Human talent management, Public administration, Public policies, Governance, Estado obeso, Fortalecimento institucional, Gestão de talento humano, Administração pública, Políticas públicas, Governança