La huella de la crianza: el sistema de producción avícola impacta directamente en la salud de las aves
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Rev. Inv. Cs. Agro. y Vet.
Abstract
El estudio revela cómo el sistema de cría deja una «huella» bioquímica y hematológica en las aves de corral. Se incluyeron 62 aves de las líneas genéticas Broiler y Hy-Line Brown, criadas en dos sistemas: intensivo (49 aves, dieta comercial) y pastoreo libre (13 aves, dieta mixta de forraje y subproductos de cocina), clasificadas en tres rangos de edad (14, 21 y 120 días). Las muestras de sangre se procesaron siguiendo protocolos de calidad para realizar análisis hematológicos y bioquímicos. Los resultados revelaron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) en los niveles de hemoglobina y hematocrito entre los grupos de edad, con valores más elevados en las aves de 21 y 120 días en comparación con las de 14 días, lo que podría estar asociado a su desarrollo fisiológico. En cuanto a los parámetros bioquímicos, no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los sistemas de cría y los grupos de edad, excepto en los niveles de potasio y amilasa. El potasio fue menor en el sistema intensivo (5,67 ± 1,34 mmol/L), posiblemente debido a la dieta estandarizada, mientras que la amilasa fue menor en el sistema «feliz» (814,33 mg/dL), lo que podría atribuirse a la menor ingesta de carbohidratos procesados. Estos resultados demuestran la influencia del sistema de cría en los parámetros sanguíneos y bioquímicos, subrayando la importancia de optimizar las estrategias de manejo y alimentación para mejorar el bienestar y la productividad de las aves.
The Study reveals how rearing system leaves a biochemical and haematological 'footprint' on poultry. Sixty-two birds of the Broiler and Hy-Line Brown genetic lines were included, raised in two systems: intensive (49 birds, commercial diet) and Free grazing (13 birds, mixed diet of forage and kitchen by-products), classified in three age ranges (14, 21 and 120 days). Blood samples were processed following quality protocols for haematological and biochemical analyses. The results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in haemoglobin and haematocrit levels between age groups, with higher values in 21 and 120-day-old birds compared to 14-day-old birds, which could be associated with their physiological development. Regarding biochemical parameters, no significant differences were observed between rearing systems and age groups, except for potassium and amylase levels. Potassium was lower in the intensive system (5.67 ± 1.34 mmol/L), possibly due to the standardised diet, while amylase was lower in the 'happy' system (814.33 mg/dL), which could be attributed to the lower intake of processed carbohydrates. These results demonstrate the influence of the rearing system on blood and biochemical parameters, underlining the importance of optimising management and feeding strategies to improve bird welfare and productivity.
The Study reveals how rearing system leaves a biochemical and haematological 'footprint' on poultry. Sixty-two birds of the Broiler and Hy-Line Brown genetic lines were included, raised in two systems: intensive (49 birds, commercial diet) and Free grazing (13 birds, mixed diet of forage and kitchen by-products), classified in three age ranges (14, 21 and 120 days). Blood samples were processed following quality protocols for haematological and biochemical analyses. The results revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in haemoglobin and haematocrit levels between age groups, with higher values in 21 and 120-day-old birds compared to 14-day-old birds, which could be associated with their physiological development. Regarding biochemical parameters, no significant differences were observed between rearing systems and age groups, except for potassium and amylase levels. Potassium was lower in the intensive system (5.67 ± 1.34 mmol/L), possibly due to the standardised diet, while amylase was lower in the 'happy' system (814.33 mg/dL), which could be attributed to the lower intake of processed carbohydrates. These results demonstrate the influence of the rearing system on blood and biochemical parameters, underlining the importance of optimising management and feeding strategies to improve bird welfare and productivity.
Description
Vol. 9, No. 26