Evaluación de la política nacional de integridad y lucha contra la corrupción en poder ejecutivo peruano: SPI, GINI e INCO
Date
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Tribunal
Abstract
El estudio evalúa la aplicación de la Política Nacional de Integridad y Lucha contra la Corrupción (PNILCC) en entidades del Poder Ejecutivo peruano y su incidencia sobre el desarrollo nacional, medido a través del Índice de Progreso Social (SPI), el Índice de Gini y la tasa de criminalidad. Se empleó un enfoque mixto: (1) análisis documental de decretos supremos y reportes oficiales; (2) análisis cuantitativo de los puntajes INCO 2024 y series 2017-2022 de SPI, Gini y criminalidad. Se aplicaron estadísticos descriptivos, correlaciones de Spearman y comparaciones porcentuales por niveles de gobierno. Se observan avances parciales en transparencia y rendición de cuentas, pero persistencia de riesgos "Alto/Muy Alto" en educación, salud y defensa (13 % entidades nacionales). El SPI mostró un pico en 2019 (71,04) y retrocesos en 2020-2021, correlacionados inversamente con puntajes INCO (ρ = -0,58; p<0,05). La desigualdad y la criminalidad evidenciaron oscilaciones ligadas a variaciones en la percepción y realidad de la corrupción. Los hallazgos confirman que la corrupción continúa frenando el desarrollo social y económico, al diluir la eficacia del gasto público y debilitar la cohesión institucional. Se sugiere reforzar controles internos, agilizar sanciones y homogeneizar la implementación de la PNILCC en todos los niveles de gobierno para consolidar mejoras sostenibles.
This study evaluates the implementation of Peru's National Integrity and Anti-corruption Policy (PNILCC) in Executive Branch entities and its impact on national development, measured by the Social Progress Index (SPI), the Gini coefficient and crime rates. A mixed-methods approach was used: (1) documentary analysis of Supreme Decrees and official reports; (2) quantitative analysis of INCO 2024 scores and the 2017-2022 series for SPI, Gini and crime. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations and percentage comparisons by government level were applied. The results show partial advances in transparency and accountability but persistent "High/Very High" risks in education, health and defense (13 % of national entities). The SPI peaked in 2019 (71.04) and declined in 2020-2021, inversely correlated with INCO scores (ρ = -0.58; p < 0.05). Inequality and crime also fluctuated alongside changes in both the perception and reality of corruption. The findings confirm that corruption continues to hinder social and economic development by undermining the effectiveness of public spending and weakening institutional cohesion. It is recommended to strengthen internal controls, expedite sanctions and standardize PNILCC implementation across all levels of government to achieve sustainable improvements.
This study evaluates the implementation of Peru's National Integrity and Anti-corruption Policy (PNILCC) in Executive Branch entities and its impact on national development, measured by the Social Progress Index (SPI), the Gini coefficient and crime rates. A mixed-methods approach was used: (1) documentary analysis of Supreme Decrees and official reports; (2) quantitative analysis of INCO 2024 scores and the 2017-2022 series for SPI, Gini and crime. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlations and percentage comparisons by government level were applied. The results show partial advances in transparency and accountability but persistent "High/Very High" risks in education, health and defense (13 % of national entities). The SPI peaked in 2019 (71.04) and declined in 2020-2021, inversely correlated with INCO scores (ρ = -0.58; p < 0.05). Inequality and crime also fluctuated alongside changes in both the perception and reality of corruption. The findings confirm that corruption continues to hinder social and economic development by undermining the effectiveness of public spending and weakening institutional cohesion. It is recommended to strengthen internal controls, expedite sanctions and standardize PNILCC implementation across all levels of government to achieve sustainable improvements.
Description
Vol. 5, No. 13