Disponibilidad y consumo de agua para la ganadería bovina en el municipio de Mojocoya
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Rev. Cien. Tec. In.
Abstract
El agua es una sustancia esencial para la vida, su carencia afecta negativamente el organismo, y puede llegar a ser fatal; premisa que aplica también a las especies bovinas. La ganadería bovina es la actividad económica y productiva más importante del Municipio de Mojocoya, ubicado en el Departamento de Chuquisaca en Bolivia; donde la insuficiencia del recurso hídrico, ha provocado un descenso entre 33% y 50% en las ganancias anuales de la productividad ganadera. Por todo lo anterior, el presente estudio de carácter analítico descriptivo, desarrollado en tres comunidades del Municipio de Mojocoya: Casa Grande, La Poza "Sector Pasorapilla" y Carapari Pampa; tuvo como objetivo determinar la disponibilidad y consumo de agua para ganadería bovina. Obteniéndose que, en Mojocoya predomina un sistema extensivo, donde el ganado pasta libremente sin control sobre el consumo del agua, expuesto a riesgos naturales y efectos del cambio climático. Pasorapilla y Carapari Pampa tienen similar disponibilidad de agua, considerablemente mayor que Casa Grande. Se valoró que, los animales beben directamente un promedio de 33,5 litros de agua diarios; y, mediante fórmula adaptada a las condiciones particulares de Mojocoya, a partir del peso vivo se calculó el consumo indirecto de agua en la ingesta de pasto.
Water is an essential substance for life, its deficiency negatively affects the organism, and can be fatal; premise that also applies to bovine species. The bovine cattle ranch is the most important economic and productive activity of the Municipality of Mojocoya, located in the Department of Chuquisaca of Bolivia; where the insufficiency of the water resource, has caused a decrease between 33% and 50% in the annual gains of the cattle productivity. For all the above, this descriptive analytical study, developed in three communities of the Municipality of Mojocoya: Casa Grande, La Poza "Sector Pasorapilla" and Carapari Pampa; aimed to determine the availability and consumption of water for cattle. Obtaining that, in Mojocoya an extensive system predominates, where the cattle graze freely without control on the consumption of the water, exposed to natural risks and effects of the climatic change. Pasorapilla and Carapari Pampa have similar water availability, considerably greater than Casa Grande. It was assessed that animals directly drink an average of 33.5 liters of water daily; and, by means of a formula adapted to the particular conditions of Mojocoya, the indirect consumption of water in the ingestion of grass was calculated from the live weight.
Water is an essential substance for life, its deficiency negatively affects the organism, and can be fatal; premise that also applies to bovine species. The bovine cattle ranch is the most important economic and productive activity of the Municipality of Mojocoya, located in the Department of Chuquisaca of Bolivia; where the insufficiency of the water resource, has caused a decrease between 33% and 50% in the annual gains of the cattle productivity. For all the above, this descriptive analytical study, developed in three communities of the Municipality of Mojocoya: Casa Grande, La Poza "Sector Pasorapilla" and Carapari Pampa; aimed to determine the availability and consumption of water for cattle. Obtaining that, in Mojocoya an extensive system predominates, where the cattle graze freely without control on the consumption of the water, exposed to natural risks and effects of the climatic change. Pasorapilla and Carapari Pampa have similar water availability, considerably greater than Casa Grande. It was assessed that animals directly drink an average of 33.5 liters of water daily; and, by means of a formula adapted to the particular conditions of Mojocoya, the indirect consumption of water in the ingestion of grass was calculated from the live weight.
Description
Vol. 17, No. 20