Condiciones laborales de la juventud boliviana, un análisis de secuencias del "Trabajo Digno" en el periodo 2007 - 2015
Abstract
La presente investigación analiza la evolución de los niveles de dignidad laboral de los jóvenes bolivianos a lo largo del periodo 2007 - 2015. El enfoque teórico desde el cual se analizan los resultados se basa en el concepto de trabajo digno, que surge del paradigma andino amazónico del Vivir Bien. Las fuentes de datos utilizadas son las encuestas de hogares de Bolivia correspondientes al periodo de estudio. Se construye una tipología de las trayectorias de inserción laboral de los jóvenes para identificar diferencias entre grupos poblacionales; se realiza un análisis de secuencias para valorar la evolución de los niveles de dignidad laboral de los jóvenes en el periodo de estudio. Los resultados dan cuenta de una relativa mejora de las condiciones laborales de los jóvenes, que muestran una convergencia hacia un nivel medio de dignidad laboral. Sin embargo, se identifica desigualdades persistentes, particularmente en la población de 15 a 19 años, las mujeres y los indígenas. Lo anterior plantea la necesidad de reforzar las políticas públicas enfocadas en estos grupos, con el objetivo de asegurar el cumplimiento de los derechos estipulados en la constitución boliviana, lo que además contribuye al aprovechamiento del bono demográfico para el desarrollo económico del país.
This investigation analyzes how the levels of decency characterizing Bolivian youths' jobs evolved during the period 2007-2015. The theoretical approach used to interpret our results is based on the concept of decent work discussed in the Andean-Amazonian philosophical paradigm known as the "Vivir Bien", which seeks social harmony and well-being. Our analysis is based on data from household surveys conducted in Bolivia between 2007 and 2015. We categorized youths' labor market insertion trajectories as a means of identifying differences between population groups. Finally, we performed sequence analysis to assess how the levels of decency in young peoples' jobs evolved during the study period. Our results indicate that the youths' working conditions showed a relative improvement during this period and converged towards conditions associated with an intermediate level of decency. However, we also identified persistent inequalities, especially those who are between 15 and 19 years old, women and/or indigenous. These results highlight that public policies focused on young workers must be strengthened in order to guarantee that the rights awarded in the Bolivian Constitution are protected and also as a means of taking advantage of the demographic bonus for Bolivia's economic development.
This investigation analyzes how the levels of decency characterizing Bolivian youths' jobs evolved during the period 2007-2015. The theoretical approach used to interpret our results is based on the concept of decent work discussed in the Andean-Amazonian philosophical paradigm known as the "Vivir Bien", which seeks social harmony and well-being. Our analysis is based on data from household surveys conducted in Bolivia between 2007 and 2015. We categorized youths' labor market insertion trajectories as a means of identifying differences between population groups. Finally, we performed sequence analysis to assess how the levels of decency in young peoples' jobs evolved during the study period. Our results indicate that the youths' working conditions showed a relative improvement during this period and converged towards conditions associated with an intermediate level of decency. However, we also identified persistent inequalities, especially those who are between 15 and 19 years old, women and/or indigenous. These results highlight that public policies focused on young workers must be strengthened in order to guarantee that the rights awarded in the Bolivian Constitution are protected and also as a means of taking advantage of the demographic bonus for Bolivia's economic development.
Description
Vol. 17, No. 19